Journal ArticleDOI
Consumption of Brown Rice: A Potential Pathway for Arsenic Exposure in Rural Bengal
Dipti Halder,Dipti Halder,Subhamoy Bhowmick,Subhamoy Bhowmick,Ashis Biswas,Ashis Biswas,Ujjal Mandal,Jerome O. Nriagu,Debendra Nath Guha Mazumdar,Debashis Chatterjee,Prosun Bhattacharya +10 more
TLDR
It is demonstrated that participants in age groups 18-30 and 51-65 yrs are the most vulnerable to the potential health threat of dietary As exposure compared to participants of age group 31-50 yrs, because of higher amounts of brown rice consumption patterns and lower BMI.Abstract:
This study assesses the arsenic (As) accumulation in different varieties of rice grain, that people in rural Bengal mostly prefer for daily consumption, to estimate the potential risk of dietary As exposure through rice intake. The rice samples have been classified according to their average length (L) and L to breadth (B) ratio into four categories, such as short-bold (SB), medium-slender (MS), long-slender (LS), and extra-long slender (ELS). The brown colored rice samples fall into the SB, MS, or LS categories; while all Indian Basmati (white colored) are classified as ELS. The study indicates that the average accumulation of As in rice grain increases with a decrease of grain size (ELS: 0.04; LS: 0.10; MS: 0.16; and SB: 0.33 mg kg(-1)), however people living in the rural villages mostly prefer brown colored SB type of rice because of its lower cost. For the participants consuming SB type of brown rice, the total daily intake of inorganic As (TDI-iAs) in 29% of the cases exceeds the previous WHO recommended provisional tolerable daily intake value (2.1 μg day(-1) kg(-1) BW), and in more than 90% of cases, the As content in the drinking water equivalent to the inorganic As intake from rice consumption (C(W,eqv)) exceeds the WHO drinking water guideline of 10 μg L(-1). This study further demonstrates that participants in age groups 18-30 and 51-65 yrs are the most vulnerable to the potential health threat of dietary As exposure compared to participants of age group 31-50 yrs, because of higher amounts of brown rice consumption patterns and lower BMI.read more
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
Variation in Rice Cadmium Related to Human Exposure
Andrew A. Meharg,Gareth J. Norton,Claire Deacon,Paul Garreth Williams,Eureka Adomako,Adam H. Price,Yong-Guan Zhu,Gang Li,Fang-Jie Zhao,Fang-Jie Zhao,Steve P. McGrath,Antia Villada,Alessia Sommella,P. Mangala C.S. De Silva,Hugh Brammer,Tapash Dasgupta,M. Rafiqul Islam +16 more
TL;DR: From a survey of 12 countries on four continents, cadmium levels in rice grain were the highest in Bangladesh and Sri Lanka, with both these countries also having high per capita rice intakes.
Journal ArticleDOI
Arsenic in groundwater of West Bengal, India: A review of human health risks and assessment of possible intervention options.
Subhamoy Bhowmick,Sreemanta Pramanik,Payel Singh,Priyanka Mondal,Debashis Chatterjee,Jerome O. Nriagu +5 more
TL;DR: Comparing and contrast the similarities and differences in arsenic occurrence in West Bengal with those of other parts of the world and assess the unique socio-cultural factors that determine the risks of exposure to arsenic in local groundwater are compared.
Journal ArticleDOI
Hydrogeochemical contrast between brown and grey sand aquifers in shallow depth of Bengal Basin: consequences for sustainable drinking water supply.
Ashis Biswas,Bibhash Nath,Prosun Bhattacharya,Dipti Halder,Dipti Halder,Amit K. Kundu,Ujjal Mandal,Abhijit Mukherjee,Debashis Chatterjee,Carl-Magnus Mörth,Gunnar Jacks +10 more
TL;DR: The results indicate that despite close similarity in major ion composition, the redox condition is markedly different in groundwater of the two studied aquifers, which warrants rigorous assessment of attendant health risk for Mn prior to considering mass scale exploitation of the BSA for possible sustainable drinking water supply.
Journal ArticleDOI
Arsenic accumulation in rice: Consequences of rice genotypes and management practices to reduce human health risk
TL;DR: Assessing the bioavailability of As from rice is crucial to understanding human health exposure and reducing the risk of inorganic arsenic exposure in people with a large proportion of rice in their daily diet.
Journal ArticleDOI
Arsenic species in raw and cooked rice: implications for human health in rural Bengal.
Dipti Halder,Dipti Halder,Ashis Biswas,Zdenka Šlejkovec,Debashis Chatterjee,Jerome O. Nriagu,Gunnar Jacks,Prosun Bhattacharya +7 more
TL;DR: It is found that inorganic As is the predominant species in both raw and cooked rice, and it is suggested that rice cooking with low As water by the villagers is a beneficial risk reduction strategy.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
Appropriate body-mass index for Asian populations and its implications for policy and intervention strategies.
TL;DR: The proportion of Asian people with a high risk of type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease is substantial at BMIs lower than the existing WHO cut-off point for overweight (> or =25 kg/m2), but available data do not necessarily indicate a clear BMI cut-offs point for all Asians for overweight or obesity.
Journal ArticleDOI
Role of metal-reducing bacteria in arsenic release from Bengal delta sediments
Farhana Islam,Andrew G. Gault,Christopher Boothman,David A. Polya,John M. Charnock,John M. Charnock,Debashis Chatterjee,Jonathan R. Lloyd +7 more
TL;DR: It is shown that anaerobic metal-reducing bacteria can play a key role in the mobilization of arsenic in sediments collected from a contaminated aquifer in West Bengal and that, for the sediments in this study, arsenic release took place after Fe(iii) reduction, rather than occurring simultaneously.
Journal ArticleDOI
Arsenic contamination of Bangladesh paddy field soils: implications for rice contribution to arsenic consumption.
Andrew A. Meharg,M.m. Rahman +1 more
TL;DR: Assessment of arsenic levels in paddy soils throughout Bangladesh showed that arsenic levels were elevated in zones where arsenic in groundwater used for irrigation was high, and where these tube-wells have been in operation for the longest period of time.
Journal ArticleDOI
Natural organic matter in sedimentary basins and its relation to arsenic in anoxic ground water: the example of West Bengal and its worldwide implications
John M. McArthur,D.M. Banerjee,Karen A. Hudson-Edwards,Rosaline Mishra,R. Purohit,P Ravenscroft,A Cronin,Richard J. Howarth,A Chatterjee,T Talukder,David Lowry,S Houghton,DK Chadha +12 more
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors investigated the mechanism of As release to anoxic ground water in alluvial aquifers, and sampled ground waters from 3 piezometer nests, 79 shallow ( 80 m) wells, in an area 750 m by 450 m, just north of Barasat, near Kolkata (Calcutta), in southern West Bengal.
Journal ArticleDOI
Variation in Arsenic Speciation and Concentration in Paddy Rice Related to Dietary Exposure
TL;DR: Pot experiments show that the proportions of DMAV in the grain are significantly dependent on rice cultivar (p = 0.026) and that plant nutrient status is effected by arsenic exposure.