Journal ArticleDOI
Deep-ocean mineral deposits as a source of critical metals for high- and green-technology applications: Comparison with land-based resources
TLDR
In this paper, the authors compare the grades and tonnages of nodules and crusts in those two areas with the global terrestrial reserves and resources, and compare the two largest existing land-based REE mines, Bayan Obo in China and Mountain Pass in the USA.About:
This article is published in Ore Geology Reviews.The article was published on 2013-06-01. It has received 608 citations till now.read more
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Research advances, challenges and perspectives for recovering valuable metals from deep-sea ferromanganese minerals: A comprehensive review
TL;DR: In this paper , the authors summarized the basic characteristics of deep-sea ferromanganese minerals, the metallogenic mechanism, and related research on the processing methods of deep sea ferromaganese minerals.
Journal ArticleDOI
Dynamic Characteristics of Water Column Properties based on the Behavior of Water Mass and Inorganic Nutrients in the Western Pacific Seamount Area
Experimental investigation and optimization of polymetallic nodule mining by mechanical pick-up device on deep-sea using RSM
TL;DR: In this article , a second-order quadratic model has been proposed correlating the input variables to maximize the nodule picking efficiency at optimum operating conditions using the RSM-based Box-Behnken design technique.
Journal ArticleDOI
New data on the geochemical and mineralogical features of the main manganese- and iron-bearing ore occurrences in the Central Srednogorie Zone, Bulgaria
TL;DR: In this article , the authors characterized the mineralogical and geochemical features of polymetallic (Mn- and Fe-bearing) nodules, lens-and layer-like bodies from different localities in the central part of the Late Cretaceous Srednogorie metallogenic zone, Bulgaria.
Journal ArticleDOI
Nano-mineralogy and growth environment of Fe-Mn polymetallic crusts and nodules from the South China Sea
TL;DR: In this paper , transmission electron microscopy (TEM), Raman spectroscopic mapping, and in-situ micro X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis were conducted on the nano-mineralogy of the South China Sea (SCS) polymetallic crusts and nodules.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
Submarine Thermal Springs on the Galápagos Rift
John B. Corliss,Jack Dymond,Louis I. Gordon,John M. Edmond,Richard P. Von Herzen,Robert D. Ballard,Kenneth Green,David L. Williams,Arnold E. Bainbridge,Kathy Crane,Tjeerd H. van Andel +10 more
TL;DR: It is suggested that two-thirds of the heat lost from new oceanic lithosphere at the Gal�pagos Rift in the first million years may be vented from thermal springs, predominantly along the axial ridge within the rift valley.
OtherDOI
Rare earth elements: critical resources for high technology
Abstract: The rare earth elements (REE) form the largest chemically coherent group in the periodic table. Though generally unfamiliar, the REE are essential for many hundreds of applications. The versatility and specificity of the REE has given them a level of technological, environmental, and economic importance considerably greater than might be expected from their relative obscurity. The United States once was largely self-sufficient in these critical materials, but over the past decade has become dependent upon imports (fig. 1). In 1999 and 2000, more than 90% of REE required by U.S. industry came from deposits in China. Although the 15 naturally occurring REE (table 1; fig. 2) are generally similar in their geochemical properties, their individual abundances in the Earth are by no means equal. In the continental crust and its REE ore deposits, concentrations of the most and least abundant REE typically differ by two to five orders of magnitude (fig. 3). As technological applications of REE have multiplied over the past several decades, demand for several of the less abundant (and formerly quite obscure) REE has increased dramatically. The diverse nuclear, metallurgical, chemical, catalytic, electrical, magnetic, and optical properties of the REE have led to an ever increasing variety of applications. These uses range from mundane (lighter flints, glass polishing) to high-tech (phosphors, lasers, magnets, batteries, magnetic refrigeration) to futuristic (hightemperature superconductivity, safe storage and transport of hydrogen for a post-hydrocarbon economy).
Book ChapterDOI
Sea-Floor Tectonics and Submarine Hydrothermal Systems
TL;DR: In this article, the authors identify a number of sites of high-temperature venting and polymetallic sulfide deposits on the seafloor of the world's oceans.
Journal ArticleDOI
Uptake of elements from seawater by ferromanganese crusts: solid-phase associations and seawater speciation
Andrea Koschinsky,James R. Hein +1 more
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors proposed a simple sorption model related to the inorganic speciation of the elements in seawater, as has been proposed in earlier models, in order to determine the host phases of 40 elements.
Journal ArticleDOI
Sequential leaching of marine ferromanganese precipitates: Genetic implications
Andrea Koschinsky,Peter Halbach +1 more
TL;DR: In this paper, the results of leaching experiments were carried out on twentyone hydrogenetic crust samples from different locations in the central Pacific and the results were compared with four crust and nodule samples of different genetic origin.
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Uptake of elements from seawater by ferromanganese crusts: solid-phase associations and seawater speciation
Andrea Koschinsky,James R. Hein +1 more