Journal ArticleDOI
Deep-ocean mineral deposits as a source of critical metals for high- and green-technology applications: Comparison with land-based resources
TLDR
In this paper, the authors compare the grades and tonnages of nodules and crusts in those two areas with the global terrestrial reserves and resources, and compare the two largest existing land-based REE mines, Bayan Obo in China and Mountain Pass in the USA.About:
This article is published in Ore Geology Reviews.The article was published on 2013-06-01. It has received 608 citations till now.read more
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Depth distribution of Zr and Nb in seawater: The potential role of colloids or organic complexation to explain non-scavenging-type behavior
Sandra Poehle,Andrea Koschinsky +1 more
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors analyzed dissolved zirconium (Zr) and niobium (Nb) in open-ocean seawater in low pmol/kg concentrations and studies for the Pacific Ocean reported an increase in concentration with depth.
Journal ArticleDOI
The megafauna community from an abyssal area of interest for mining of polymetallic nodules
Bart De Smet,Bart De Smet,Erik Simon-Lledó,Lisa Mevenkamp,Ellen Pape,Francesca Pasotti,Daniel O.B. Jones,Ann Vanreusel +7 more
TL;DR: In this article, a comparison of images obtained at different altitudes shows that images taken above 8m altitude underestimate the megafauna density by almost 50%, so images <8m were used for further analysis.
Journal ArticleDOI
Materias primas críticas y complejidad económica en América Latina
TL;DR: In this article, the authors examined the mineral policies regarding CRMs of the main Latin American economies, and the role of their respective National Innovation Systems (NIS) in the pursuit of greater economic complexity.
Journal ArticleDOI
Critical Elements in Supergene Phosphates: The Example of the Weathering Profile at the Gavà Neolithic Mines, Catalonia, Spain
Yael Díaz-Acha,Marc Campeny,Esperança Tauler,Josep Bosch,Joan Carles Melgarejo,Antoni Camprubí,Cristina Villanova-de-Benavent,Susana E. Jorge-Villar,Iria Díaz-Ontiveros,David Fernández-Lluch,Joaquín A. Proenza,Aleu Andreazini,Míriam Pastor +12 more
TL;DR: In this article, the authors focused on the study of a weathering profile located at the Archaeological Park of the Gava Neolithic Mines, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain, where acid and oxidising meteoric fluids generated intense weathering during the early Pleistocene, affecting series of Llandoverian black shales and associated syn-sedimentary phosphates.
Journal ArticleDOI
Variabilities and enrichment mechanisms of the dispersed elements in marine Fe–Mn deposits from the Pacific Ocean
Yazhou Fu,Hanjie Wen +1 more
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors examined the concentrations of the dispersed elements in marine Fe-Mn deposits at different locations from the Pacific Ocean, ascertains the genesis and dispersed elements enrichment characteristics of marine Femn deposits, discusses the variations of the scattered elements in the marine Fe mn deposits profiles and variations with the dependency of genesis and water depth.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
Submarine Thermal Springs on the Galápagos Rift
John B. Corliss,Jack Dymond,Louis I. Gordon,John M. Edmond,Richard P. Von Herzen,Robert D. Ballard,Kenneth Green,David L. Williams,Arnold E. Bainbridge,Kathy Crane,Tjeerd H. van Andel +10 more
TL;DR: It is suggested that two-thirds of the heat lost from new oceanic lithosphere at the Gal�pagos Rift in the first million years may be vented from thermal springs, predominantly along the axial ridge within the rift valley.
OtherDOI
Rare earth elements: critical resources for high technology
Abstract: The rare earth elements (REE) form the largest chemically coherent group in the periodic table. Though generally unfamiliar, the REE are essential for many hundreds of applications. The versatility and specificity of the REE has given them a level of technological, environmental, and economic importance considerably greater than might be expected from their relative obscurity. The United States once was largely self-sufficient in these critical materials, but over the past decade has become dependent upon imports (fig. 1). In 1999 and 2000, more than 90% of REE required by U.S. industry came from deposits in China. Although the 15 naturally occurring REE (table 1; fig. 2) are generally similar in their geochemical properties, their individual abundances in the Earth are by no means equal. In the continental crust and its REE ore deposits, concentrations of the most and least abundant REE typically differ by two to five orders of magnitude (fig. 3). As technological applications of REE have multiplied over the past several decades, demand for several of the less abundant (and formerly quite obscure) REE has increased dramatically. The diverse nuclear, metallurgical, chemical, catalytic, electrical, magnetic, and optical properties of the REE have led to an ever increasing variety of applications. These uses range from mundane (lighter flints, glass polishing) to high-tech (phosphors, lasers, magnets, batteries, magnetic refrigeration) to futuristic (hightemperature superconductivity, safe storage and transport of hydrogen for a post-hydrocarbon economy).
Book ChapterDOI
Sea-Floor Tectonics and Submarine Hydrothermal Systems
TL;DR: In this article, the authors identify a number of sites of high-temperature venting and polymetallic sulfide deposits on the seafloor of the world's oceans.
Journal ArticleDOI
Uptake of elements from seawater by ferromanganese crusts: solid-phase associations and seawater speciation
Andrea Koschinsky,James R. Hein +1 more
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors proposed a simple sorption model related to the inorganic speciation of the elements in seawater, as has been proposed in earlier models, in order to determine the host phases of 40 elements.
Journal ArticleDOI
Sequential leaching of marine ferromanganese precipitates: Genetic implications
Andrea Koschinsky,Peter Halbach +1 more
TL;DR: In this paper, the results of leaching experiments were carried out on twentyone hydrogenetic crust samples from different locations in the central Pacific and the results were compared with four crust and nodule samples of different genetic origin.
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Uptake of elements from seawater by ferromanganese crusts: solid-phase associations and seawater speciation
Andrea Koschinsky,James R. Hein +1 more