Journal ArticleDOI
Delayed sleep phase syndrome : a review of its clinical aspects
TLDR
The management and outcome of the largest series of patients with delayed sleep phase syndrome thus far reported, which was often associated with major depression and was more resistant to treatment than other sleep disorders, is described.Abstract:
Objective: Delayed sleep phase syndrome is a common but little reported cause of severe insomnia. Since it was first described, few detailed reports of delayed sleep phase syndrome have appeared, and treatment methods have not been reviewed. From the literature, the authors provide diagnostic descriptions and review treatment methods, and from their sleep disorder clinic, they describe the management and outcome of the largest series of patients with delayed sleep phase syndrome thus far reported. Method: The authors reviewed all articles with primary data on delayed sleep phase syndrome published through 1993 and add data from a group of 33 patients at their sleep disorder clinic. Results: Delayed sleep phase syndrome involves undesirably late bedtimes and arising times, early night insomnia, and poor morning alertness but lack of insomnia on vacations. The mean bedtime and arising time for the 33 patients were 4:00 a.m. and 10:38 a.m., respectively. Twenty-five patients were, or had been, depressed. Individual responses to treatments varied widely. Seventeen patients showed little treatment response. Delayed sleep phase syndrome had a worse treatment outcome than other sleep disorders. Conclusions: Delayed sleep phase syndrome presents in a heterogeneous manner. In the sleep disorder clinic population, it was often associated with major depression and was more resistant to treatment than other sleep disorders. Multiple and varied treatments are requiredread more
Citations
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Sleep disturbances and depression: risk relationships for subsequent depression and therapeutic implications.
TL;DR: These findings suggest that sleep-related symptoms that are present before, during, and after a depressive episode are potentially modifiable factors that may play an important role in achieving and maintaining depression remission.
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Association of intrinsic circadian period with morningness-eveningness, usual wake time, and circadian phase.
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors explored a chronobiological mechanism by which the biological clock of morning types may be set to an earlier hour, with respect to both clock time and wake time.
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Classification of Sleep Disorders
TL;DR: The International Classification of Sleep Disorders, version 2, published in 2005 and currently undergoing revision, combines a symptomatic presentation with 1 organized in part on pathophysiology and in parton body systems to more easily differentiate between the disorders.
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Homeostatic sleep regulation in adolescents.
TL;DR: Maturational changes of homeostatic sleep regulation are permissive of the sleep phase delay in the course of adolescence as well as aspects of sleep homeostasis.
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Circadian misalignment and health
TL;DR: The role of circadian misalignment as a risk factor for disease in the general population and in clinical populations, including circadian rhythm sleep disorders and psychiatric disorders is described.
References
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Blind man living in normal society has circadian rhythms of 24.9 hours
TL;DR: A psychologically normal blind man, living and working in normal society, suffered from a severe cyclic sleep-wake disorder which showed that he had circadian rhythms of body temperature, alertness, performance, cortisol secretion, and urinary electrolyte excretion which were desynchronized from the 24-hour societal schedule.
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The Subjective Assessment of Normal Sleep Patterns
Andrew McGHIE,S. M. Russell +1 more
TL;DR: The findings support the generally held opinion that as people grow older their sleep pattern changes and any evaluation of the normal sleep pattern must necessarily take into account the variations due to such factors as age, sex and social class.
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Delayed sleep phase syndrome in adolescents
TL;DR: The delayed sleep phase syndrome is characterized by difficulty in falling asleep at a socially acceptable time of night and an inability to be easily aroused in the morning and may contribute to the behavioral and educational difficulties seen in patients.
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Age-Related Changes in Hamster Circadian Period, Entrainment, and Rhythm Splitting:
TL;DR: The data are consistent with the observation that the circadian rhythm period of the male hamster shortens with age, and whether age influences the probability of rhythm splitting under prolonged constant light conditions.