Journal ArticleDOI
Detection of premature segregation of centromeres in persons exposed to ionizing radiation.
Dubravka Jovicic,Snežana Milačić,Tanja Vukov,Boban Rakic,Milena Stevanovic,Danijela Drakulic,Rada Rakić,Nenad Bukvic +7 more
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TLDR
PCD, as a phenomenon manifesting chromosomal instability (CIN), should be considered as a suitable cytogenetic biomarker for individuals occupationally exposed to ionizing radiation, based on the results obtained.Abstract:
We have analyzed the frequency of premature centromeric division (PCD) in medical personnel professionally exposed to low doses of radiation. They had chromosome aberrations (CAs) involving dicentric chromosomes, ring chromosomes, acentric fragments, chromosome breaks, and chromatid breaks. The study included 30 exposed subjects and 23 controls who were each analyzed by a conventional cytogenetics procedure and subsequently by fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH). The latter was applied particularly in order to verify PCD in a specific chromosome (chromosome 18) in both metaphases and interphase nuclei. The results revealed a significant difference (p < 0.001) in frequencies between the two groups (exposed and controls) for all the observed variables (CAs), metaphases with PCD (MPCD), total number of chromosomes with PCD (TPCD), number of PCD metaphases in acrocentric chromosomes (MAPCD), and the total number of acrocentric chromosomes with PCD (TAPCD). The doses of ionizing radiation absorbed by the subjects' bodies were measured with thermoluminescent dosimeters once a month during the duration of occupational exposure. They were expressed in mSv, as mean annual effective doses for the period of exposure. The Spearman rank test showed a high positive correlation between total life effective dose and frequency of CAs and PCD. Based on the results obtained in this study, we suggest that PCD, as a phenomenon manifesting chromosomal instability (CIN), should be considered as a suitable cytogenetic biomarker for individuals occupationally exposed to ionizing radiation.read more
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Premature Centromere Division Dominantly Inherited in a Subfertile Family
J. Gabarrón,A. Jimenez,G. Glover +2 more
TL;DR: An increased frequency of mitoses showing premature centromere division (PCD) in every chromosome was found in lymphocyte cultures from four members of a subfertile family, and PCD cells seemed to have a shorter cell cycle.
Journal ArticleDOI
Radiation Absorption Characteristics of Titanium Alloys
TL;DR: In this article, the photon transport Monte Carlo software was used for determining the energy deposited in titanium samples, and the numerical results showed the pronounced dependence of radiation absorption properties of different combinations of components in alloy.
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A cytogenetic study of hospital workers occupationally exposed to radionuclides in Serbia: premature centromere division as novel biomarker of exposure?
TL;DR: Identification of other phenomena related to radionuclide exposure, beside well known, may clarify recent problems in radiobiology concerning the biological response to low doses of ionizing radiation and its consequences.
Journal ArticleDOI
Occupational Exposure in Nuclear Medicine
TL;DR: Personal dosimeters of workers in the Nuclear Medicine Department (NMD) were processed in December 2007, when unusual values for two technicians were discovered and those technicians, who were operating unsealed sources in the NMD, were subsequently examined in the cytogenetics laboratory.
Journal ArticleDOI
Micronucleus frequencies in peripheral blood lymphocytes in a Serbian human population exposed to pesticides
TL;DR: The results suggest that applicators in the field do not use adequate personal protective equipment and regular biological monitoring of workers exposed to pesticides is required.
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Genetic instability in colorectal cancers
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The spindle checkpoint: structural insights into dynamic signalling
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Journal Article
Chromosomal aberrations in lymphocytes predict human cancer independently of exposure to carcinogens
Stefano Bonassi,Lars Hagmar,Ulf Strömberg,Alicia Huici Montagud,Håkan Tinnerberg,Alessandra Forni,Pirjo Heikkilä,Saskia Wanders,Peter Wilhardt,Inger Lise Hansteen,Lisbeth E. Knudsen,Hannu Norppa +11 more
TL;DR: The risk for high versus low levels of CAs was similar in subjects heavily exposed to carcinogens and in those who had never, to their knowledge, been exposed to any major carcinogenic agent during their lifetime, supporting the idea that chromosome damage itself is involved in the pathway to cancer.
Journal ArticleDOI
Radiation-induced chromosome aberrations in nuclear-dockyard workers.
TL;DR: There was a significant increase in chromosome damage with increasing exposure, aberration frequency was a linear function of dose and was influenced by age and time of blood sampling after exposure.
Journal ArticleDOI
The Roberts syndrome
Mahlon V. R. Freeman,Derek W. Williams,R. Neil Schimke,Samia A. Temtamy,Eduardo Vachier,James German +5 more
TL;DR: The Roberts syndrome consists of tetraphocomelia, cleft lip/palate, and prominence of the phallus as discussed by the authors, which is one of the most common features of the Roberts syndrome.