Q2. What are the main determinants of citation impact among countries?
The authors found that previous citation impact, level of international collaboration and publication output in a specific scientific field are important determinants of citation impact among all nations.
Q3. What are the main research fields retained?
The research fields retained are as follows: Agricultural Sciences, Biology & Biochemistry Chemistry, Clinical Medicine, Computer Science, Economics & Business, Engineering, Environment/Ecology, Geosciences, Immunology, Materials Science, Mathematics, Microbiology, Molecular Biology & Genetics, Multidisciplinary, Neuroscience & Behaviour, Pharmacology & Toxicology, Physics, Plant & Animal Science, Psychiatry & Psychology, Social Sciences (general) and Space Science.
Q4. What is the important factor for performing research with high impact?
Accessing external complementary knowledge and skills through networking, namely with scientists working in more developed environments, seems to be extremely significant for performing research with high impact.
Q5. Why do people with high reputation increase their chances of being cited?
Because status influences perceptions of quality, those with high reputation can increase their odds of keeping being cited, thus reinforcing further their status.
Q6. What are the factors that are correlated with the citation impact of high-income countries?
for high-income countries, both higher levels of GDPpc and small country size, which is again highly correlated with international collaboration intensity, seem to be critical factors.
Q7. What is the social constructivist view of citing behaviour?
According to the social constructivist perspective, citations perpetuate and shape existing patterns of institutional stratification and are little more than appeals to existing authority on the part of authors who wish to buttress their arguments.
Q8. What does it mean to overcome path-dependencies?
Overcoming such path-dependencies implies persistence, continuous investment and far-reaching institutional change, as those successful cases have confirmed.
Q9. What is the definition of absorptive capacity in the context of scientific research?
Radosevic & Yoruk (2014) have defined absorptive capacity in the context of scientific research as “the ability to recognize the value of new, external information, assimilate it, and apply it in another context”.
Q10. What is the effect of an anglophone colonial history on citation impact?
In the Global South, an Anglophone colonial history and concomitant opportunities for partnerships with English speaking countries, for example by housing international research institutes, may have a significant effect on their citation impact.
Q11. What are the main ways that research can help to provide effective and focused responses to domestic problems?
There are several ways which research carried out within national borders can help to provide both effective and focused responses to domestic problems, namely by being an enabler for providing up-to-date and qualified training for the new generations of university graduates, helping to attract qualified people to the country, and improving the quality of local advice to government and industry (Goldemberg, 1998).
Q12. What is the main argument for the use of science in the assessment of research performance?
the bibliometric assessment of research performance is based on a central assumption: scientists who have to communicate something important do publish their findings in international peer-reviewed journals.