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Differential Effects of Processing Time and Duration of Collagenase Digestion on Human and Murine Fat Grafts.

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TLDR
Human and murine adipocytes and human interstitial cells appear resistant to deleterious effects of increasing time following harvest, however, murine interstitial Cells are sensitive to increased time and prolonged collagenase digestion.
Abstract
Background:Autologous fat graft retention is unpredictable, and mechanisms of optimization are poorly understood. Attempts at improving retention use collagenase experimentally and clinically to isolate the stromal vascular fraction to “enhance” fat grafts. However, no standardized duration for coll

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Citations
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Comparison of intraoperative procedures for isolation of clinical grade stromal vascular fraction for regenerative purposes: a systematic review.

TL;DR: None of the intraoperative isolation procedures could be designated as the preferred procedure to isolate SVF, but they are less time consuming than nonintraoperative control groups with similar cell yield, viability of cells and composition of SVf, and therefore more suitable for use in the clinic.
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Adipose-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells in the Use of Cartilage Tissue Engineering: The Need for a Rapid Isolation Procedure.

TL;DR: The different types of ADMSC isolation techniques used for cartilage repair will be reviewed and compared with the view of developing a rapid one-step isolation protocol that can be applied in the context of a surgical procedure.
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Evaluation of Three Devices for the Isolation of the Stromal Vascular Fraction from Adipose Tissue and for ASC Culture: A Comparative Study.

TL;DR: This study compared the reference method used in the lab for SVF isolation from lipoaspirate, with three medical devices: GID SVF-1™, Puregraft™, and Stem.pras® to demonstrate that all the devices allow the production of SVF cells with consistent yield and viability, in less time than theReference method.
Journal ArticleDOI

Acetyl‐coenzyme A acyltransferase 2 promote the differentiation of sheep precursor adipocytes into adipocytes

TL;DR: Quantitative polymerase chain reaction showed that the expression of the PPAR‐γ, LPL, and AP2 was significantly lower in the knockout compared with the overexpression group, while there was no difference in cell growth.
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Adipose-tissue-derived therapeutic cells in their natural environment as an autologous cell therapy strategy: the microtissue-stromal vascular fraction.

TL;DR: A fast and gentle isolation by minor manipulation of liposuction material is demonstrated, achieving a therapeutically relevant cell population with high vascularisation potential and immunomodulatory properties still embedded in a fraction of its original matrix.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI

Obesity induces a phenotypic switch in adipose tissue macrophage polarization

TL;DR: Diet-induced obesity leads to a shift in the activation state of ATMs from an M2-polarized state in lean animals that may protect adipocytes from inflammation to an M1 proinflammatory state that contributes to insulin resistance.
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Comparison of the Release of Adipokines by Adipose Tissue, Adipose Tissue Matrix, and Adipocytes from Visceral and Subcutaneous Abdominal Adipose Tissues of Obese Humans

TL;DR: The purpose of this study was to examine the source of adipokines released by the visceral and sc adipose tissues of obese humans and found that most of the adipokine release by the nonfat cells of adipose tissue was due to cells retained in the tissue matrix after collagenase digestion.
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A subpopulation of macrophages infiltrates hypertrophic adipose tissue and is activated by free fatty acids via Toll-like receptors 2 and 4 and JNK-dependent pathways.

TL;DR: The results show that FFAs can activate CD11c+ myeloid proinflammatory cells via TLR2/4 and JNK signaling pathways, thereby promoting inflammation and subsequent cellular insulin resistance.
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Cell-Assisted Lipotransfer for Cosmetic Breast Augmentation: Supportive Use of Adipose-Derived Stem/Stromal Cells

TL;DR: The preliminary results suggest that CAL is effective and safe for soft tissue augmentation and superior to conventional lipoinjection.
Journal ArticleDOI

Chemerin, a Novel Adipokine That Regulates Adipogenesis and Adipocyte Metabolism

TL;DR: It is concluded that chemerin is a novel adipose-derived signaling molecule that regulates adipogenesis and adipocyte metabolism and has a role in adaptive and innate immunity.
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How to get rid of intracellular fat?

These studies highlight the complex cellular components of fat grafts and how they respond differentially to time and collagenase digestion.