Journal ArticleDOI
Distribution and importance of microplastics in the marine environment: A review of the sources, fate, effects, and potential solutions
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TLDR
The sources and global distribution of microplastics in the environment, the fate and impact on marine biota, especially the food chain are described and the control measures discussed are those mapped out by both national and international environmental organizations for combating the impact from microplastic pollution.About:
This article is published in Environment International.The article was published on 2017-05-01. It has received 1487 citations till now. The article focuses on the topics: Microplastics.read more
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
Microplastics uptake and egestion dynamics in Pacific oysters, Magallana gigas (Thunberg, 1793), under controlled conditions.
Philip Graham,Luca Palazzo,Giuseppe Andrea de Lucia,Trevor C. Telfer,Maura Baroli,Stefano Carboni +5 more
TL;DR: Depuration is an effective method to reduce presence of large microplastic particles, in the size range 100-500 μm, in M. gigas, and the burden that could theoretically be up taken by consumers from these shellfish is negligible when compared to other routes.
Journal ArticleDOI
The spatial distribution of microplastic in the sands of a coral reef island in the South China Sea: Comparisons of the fringing reef and atoll
TL;DR: The study reported here selected sands/sediments from coral reef islands located in the South China Sea as a representative study site and demonstrated that the differences in the microplastics in the sands of these atolls and fringing reefs were determined not only by their sources, but were also dependent on their water exchange rates.
Book ChapterDOI
Occurrence, Fate and Fluxes of Plastics and Microplastics in Terrestrial and Freshwater Ecosystems.
TL;DR: Several research areas that need urgent development in order to better understand the potential ecological risks of plastic pollution are discussed and some recommendations to better manage and control plastic and microplastic inputs into the environment are provided.
Journal ArticleDOI
Microplastics pollution and risk assessment in water bodies of two nature reserves in Jilin Province: Correlation analysis with the degree of human activity.
TL;DR: In this article, the content and composition of microplastics in 19 water samples were investigated in Chagan lake and Xianghai, and the degree of human activity was quantified to analyze the correlation of MPs abundance.
Journal ArticleDOI
Release kinetics as a key linkage between the occurrence of flame retardants in microplastics and their risk to the environment and ecosystem: A critical review
TL;DR: More research is needed to characterize the mechanical, chemical, and biological processes that degrade microplastics and accelerate the releases of flame retardants and to model their release kinetics, while efforts should also be made to develop environmentally benign flame retardant to ultimately minimize their risk to the environment and ecosystem.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
Microplastics in the marine environment
TL;DR: The mechanisms of generation and potential impacts of microplastics in the ocean environment are discussed, and the increasing levels of plastic pollution of the oceans are understood, it is important to better understand the impact of microPlastic in the Ocean food web.
Journal ArticleDOI
Accumulation and fragmentation of plastic debris in global environments.
TL;DR: Global plastics production and the accumulation of plastic waste are documented, showing that trends in mega- and macro-plastic accumulation rates are no longer uniformly increasing and that the average size of plastic particles in the environment seems to be decreasing.
Journal ArticleDOI
Microplastics as contaminants in the marine environment: a review.
TL;DR: Ingestion of microplastics has been demonstrated in a range of marine organisms, a process which may facilitate the transfer of chemical additives or hydrophobic waterborne pollutants to biota.
Journal ArticleDOI
Microplastics in the Marine Environment: A Review of the Methods Used for Identification and Quantification
TL;DR: This review of 68 studies compares the methodologies used for the identification and quantification of microplastics from the marine environment and suggests standardized sampling procedures which allow the spatiotemporal comparison ofmicroplastic abundance across marine environments.
Journal ArticleDOI
Plastic Pollution in the World's Oceans: More than 5 Trillion Plastic Pieces Weighing over 250,000 Tons Afloat at Sea
Marcus Eriksen,Laurent Lebreton,Henry S. Carson,Martin Thiel,Charles J. Moore,Jose C. Borerro,François Galgani,Peter G. Ryan,Julia Reisser +8 more
TL;DR: The total number of plastic particles and their weight floating in the world's oceans is estimated from 24 expeditions across all five sub-tropical gyres, costal Australia, Bay of Bengal and the Mediterranean Sea conducting surface net tows and visual survey transects of large plastic debris.