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Open AccessJournal ArticleDOI

DUNet: A deformable network for retinal vessel segmentation

TLDR
Wang et al. as discussed by the authors proposed Deformable U-Net (DUNet), which exploits the retinal vessels' local features with a U-shape architecture, in an end-to-end manner for retinal vessel segmentation.
Abstract
Automatic segmentation of retinal vessels in fundus images plays an important role in the diagnosis of some diseases such as diabetes and hypertension. In this paper, we propose Deformable U-Net (DUNet), which exploits the retinal vessels’ local features with a U-shape architecture, in an end to end manner for retinal vessel segmentation. Inspired by the recently introduced deformable convolutional networks, we integrate the deformable convolution into the proposed network. The DUNet, with upsampling operators to increase the output resolution, is designed to extract context information and enable precise localization by combining low-level features with high-level ones. Furthermore, DUNet captures the retinal vessels at various shapes and scales by adaptively adjusting the receptive fields according to vessels’ scales and shapes. Public datasets: DRIVE, STARE, CHASE_DB1 and HRF are used to test our models. Detailed comparisons between the proposed network and the deformable neural network, U-Net are provided in our study. Results show that more detailed vessels can be extracted by DUNet and it exhibits state-of-the-art performance for retinal vessel segmentation with a global accuracy of 0.9566/0.9641/0.9610/0.9651 and AUC of 0.9802/0.9832/0.9804/0.9831 on DRIVE, STARE, CHASE_DB1 and HRF respectively. Moreover, to show the generalization ability of the DUNet, we use another two retinal vessel data sets, i.e., WIDE and SYNTHE, to qualitatively and quantitatively analyze and compare with other methods. Extensive cross-training evaluations are used to further assess the extendibility of DUNet. The proposed method has the potential to be applied to the early diagnosis of diseases.

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Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI

U-Net and Its Variants for Medical Image Segmentation: A Review of Theory and Applications

TL;DR: A narrative literature review examines the numerous developments and breakthroughs in the U-net architecture and provides observations on recent trends, and discusses the many innovations that have advanced in deep learning and how these tools facilitate U-nets.
Journal ArticleDOI

RA-UNet: A hybrid deep attention-aware network to extract liver and tumor in CT scans

TL;DR: This work proposes a 3D hybrid residual attention-aware segmentation method, i.e., RA-UNet, to precisely extract the liver region and segment tumors from the liver.
Proceedings ArticleDOI

IterNet: Retinal Image Segmentation Utilizing Structural Redundancy in Vessel Networks

TL;DR: This work proposes IterNet, a new model based on UNet, with the ability to find obscured details of the vessel from the segmented vessel image itself, rather than the raw input image, to improve the performance of vessel segmentation.
Journal ArticleDOI

CS2-Net: Deep learning segmentation of curvilinear structures in medical imaging.

TL;DR: Wang et al. as discussed by the authors proposed a self-attention mechanism in the encoder and decoder to learn rich hierarchical representations of curvilinear structures and employed a 1×3 and a 3×1 convolutional kernel to capture boundary features.
Journal ArticleDOI

ROSE: A Retinal OCT-Angiography Vessel Segmentation Dataset and New Model

TL;DR: In this article, a split-based coarse-to-fine vessel segmentation network for OCTA images (OCTA-Net) was proposed, with the ability to detect thick and thin vessels separately.
References
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Book ChapterDOI

U-Net: Convolutional Networks for Biomedical Image Segmentation

TL;DR: Neber et al. as discussed by the authors proposed a network and training strategy that relies on the strong use of data augmentation to use the available annotated samples more efficiently, which can be trained end-to-end from very few images and outperforms the prior best method (a sliding-window convolutional network) on the ISBI challenge for segmentation of neuronal structures in electron microscopic stacks.
Posted Content

Batch Normalization: Accelerating Deep Network Training by Reducing Internal Covariate Shift

TL;DR: Batch Normalization as mentioned in this paper normalizes layer inputs for each training mini-batch to reduce the internal covariate shift in deep neural networks, and achieves state-of-the-art performance on ImageNet.
Book ChapterDOI

Muliscale Vessel Enhancement Filtering

TL;DR: The multiscale second order local structure of an image (Hessian) is examined with the purpose of developing a vessel enhancement filter and a vesselness measure is obtained.
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