Effect of Pulse Parameters on Weld Quality in Pulsed Gas Metal Arc Welding: A Review

TLDR: P-GMAW as discussed by the authors uses a higher peak current to allow one molten droplet per pulse, and a lower background current to maintain the arc stability, which can reduce the weld service life in continuous mode gas metal arc welding.

Abstract: The weld quality comprises bead geometry and its microstructure, which influence the mechanical properties of the weld. The coarse-grained weld microstructure, higher heat-affected zone, and lower penetration together with higher reinforcement reduce the weld service life in continuous mode gas metal arc welding (GMAW). Pulsed GMAW (P-GMAW) is an alternative method providing a better way for overcoming these afore mentioned problems. It uses a higher peak current to allow one molten droplet per pulse, and a lower background current to maintain the arc stability. Current pulsing refines the grains in weld fusion zone with increasing depth of penetration due to arc oscillations. Optimum weld joint characteristics can be achieved by controlling the pulse parameters. The process is versatile and easily automated. This brief review illustrates the effect of pulse parameters on weld quality.