Journal ArticleDOI
Effects of Decomposing Maize Litter on Community Level Physiological Profiles of Soil Bacteria
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TLDR
For all treatment types, there was a clear shift in the CLPP during decomposition; during incubation, the relative utilization of carbohydrates decreased and the usage of amino acids increased respectively.Abstract:
Microbial biomass, basal respiration, and community level physiological profiles (CLPP) based on substrate utilization were studied during the decomposition of maize litter under different simulated soil management systems. Laboratory experiments were conducted on agricultural soil samples from Denmark, Germany, and Italy. Maize litter was either placed on soil surface (mulched) or mixed into soil (incorporated) to simulate two soil management types: tillage and no-tillage. Control samples lacking maize litter were also investigated. All soil samples were incubated at 14°C for 52 weeks. Microbial parameters were assessed after 2, 4, 8, 16, 32, and 52 weeks of incubation. During incubation, we found a significant decrease in microbial biomass C in the soils amended with litter. For all treatment types, there was a clear shift in the CLPP during decomposition; during incubation, the relative utilization of carbohydrates decreased and the usage of amino acids increased respectively. After 52 weeks of incubation, the CLPP from all treatment types were very similar.read more
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
Soil C and N availability determine the priming effect: microbial N mining and stoichiometric decomposition theories
Ruirui Chen,Ruirui Chen,Mehmet Senbayram,Mehmet Senbayram,Sergey Blagodatsky,Sergey Blagodatsky,Olga Myachina,Klaus Dittert,Klaus Dittert,Xiangui Lin,Evgenia Blagodatskaya,Evgenia Blagodatskaya,Yakov Kuzyakov +12 more
TL;DR: Both K- and r-strategists were beneficial for priming effects, with an increasing contribution of K-selected species under N limitation, which supports the microbial mining theory in terms of N limitation and confirms the stoichiometric decomposition theory.
Journal ArticleDOI
Succession of Microbial Communities during Hot Composting as Detected by PCR–Single-Strand-Conformation Polymorphism-Based Genetic Profiles of Small-Subunit rRNA Genes
TL;DR: The study indicates that community SSCP profiles can be highly useful for the monitoring of bacterial diversity and community successions in a biotechnologically relevant process.
Journal ArticleDOI
Interactions between crop residue and soil organic matter quality and the functional diversity of soil microbial communities
TL;DR: The effect of crop residue and soil organic matter (SOM) quality on the functional characteristics of soil microbial communities was investigated in this paper, where the amended soils were incubated under controlled environment conditions before the metabolic characteristics of the soil microbial community were determined by analysis of the activities of 19 hydrolytic enzymes, by substrate utilization within Biolog GN microplates, and C and N mineralization dynamics.
Journal ArticleDOI
Long-term effects of compost amendment of soil on functional and structural diversity and microbial activity
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors studied the effects of applying different composts (urban organic waste, green waste, manure and sewage sludge), mineral fertilizer and compost plus mineral fertilizer on chemical, biological and soil microbiological parameters over a 12-year period.
Journal ArticleDOI
Potential environmental effects of corn (Zea mays L.) stover removal with emphasis on soil organic matter and erosion
TL;DR: This paper reviewed existing literature to evaluate the major environmental impacts potentially associated with stover harvest from reduced tillage corn production sites and concluded that more information is needed on several topics to determine potential long-term effects of residue harvest, including erosion and water quality, especially pesticides and nitrate, rates of transformation of different forms of organic carbon, effects on soil biota, and dynamics in the subsoil.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
A physiological method for the quantitative measurement of microbial biomass in soils
TL;DR: The respiratory method provides reproducible estimates of biomass size within 1–3 h after soil amendment, and can be combined without difficulty with a selective inhibition method for determination of bacterial and fungal contributions to soil metabolism.
Journal ArticleDOI
Classification and characterization of heterotrophic microbial communities on the basis of patterns of community-level sole-carbon-source utilization.
Jay L. Garland,Aaron L. Mills +1 more
TL;DR: Intensive spatial and temporal analysis of microbial communities with this technique can produce ecologically relevant classifications of heterotrophic microbial communities.
Journal ArticleDOI
Functional diversity of microbial communities: A quantitative approach
TL;DR: In this paper, a procedure based on the Biolog identification system was proposed to quickly, effectively, and inexpensively assess aspects of the functional diversity of microbial communities, including the numbers and types of substrates utilized by bacterial communities, as well as the levels of activities on various substrates and patterns of temporal development.
Journal ArticleDOI
Litter placement effects on microbial and organic matter dynamics in an agroecosystem
TL;DR: The surface placement of straw in no-till agriculture allowed management of microclimate and microbial populations so that losses of soil organic matter and nutrients were minimized and the increase in the ratio of fungal to bacterial activity was reduced.
Journal ArticleDOI
Decomposition of different organic materials in soils
H. A. Ajwa,M. A. Tabatabai +1 more
TL;DR: Results showed that, in general, the amounts of CO2-C released mereased rapidly initially, but the pattern differed among the organic materials used, and all CO2 evolution data conformed well to a first-order kinetic model.
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