Showing papers in "FEMS Microbiology Ecology in 1997"

TL;DR: A rapid, community-level approach for assessing patterns of sole carbon source utilization by mixed microbial samples has been used increasingly to study microbial community dynamics and has been effective at distinguishing spatial and temporal changes in microbial communities.

TL;DR: Experimental research with bacterial colonies and models of the latter using cellular automata give results which strongly suggest that biofilm structure is largely determined by substrate concentration.

TL;DR: Diversity of ARDRA patterns from the clones was higher than that from isolates, supporting the general idea that the culturable population represents only a part of the total (amplifiable) population in soil.

TL;DR: The rotating annular biofilm reactor may be a useful tool for morphological studies of complex microbial films, particularly those developing under turbulent flow regimes which are typical for aqueous environmental ecosystems.

TL;DR: It is shown that expression of a single copy gfp gene is sufficient to permit the visualization of bacteria by epifluorescence and laser confocal microscopy and detection by flow cytometry and that the green fluorescent phenotype was detectable in all growth phases even under nutrient-limited conditions.

TL;DR: The survival of allochthonous bacteria in aquatic systems is affected by biotic and abiotic environmental factors, and the influence of plasmids on bacterial survival, heterogeneous and contradictory results have been reported.

TL;DR: This MiniReview is concerned with the sources, flux and the spacial and temporal distributions of culturable airborne bacteria; how meteorological conditions modulate these distributions; and how death, culture media, and experimental devices relate to measuring airborne bacteria.

TL;DR: The determined metabolic differences indicate together with previous results on genetic and physiological parameters of P. polymyxa populations that plant roots select different P.polymyxa subpopulations and suggest that the selected genotypes are differentially adapted to the decreasing oxygen pressure from NRS to RP.

TL;DR: Despite different strategies of enzyme production in the media, both the P. polymyxa and B. pumilus strains demonstrate a multi-target and medium-independent type of fungal antagonism, which is promising for application in biological control.

TL;DR: The ability of denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis technique to resolve 16S rDNA products generated from two different collections of bacteria using universal 16S primers was investigated and the difference in sequence divergence within the two groups members allowed therefore to scale the resolution ability of the DGGE technique.

TL;DR: In situ hybridization with group-specific rRNA-targeted oligonucleotide probes revealed the prevalence of bacteria belonging to the β-subclass of Proteobacteria within the bacterial biofilm populations, and differences in the population composition depended on the surface properties of the substrata.

TL;DR: The microbial community structure of the gastrointestinal tracts of various domestic animals (bovine, ovine, caprine, and swine) was evaluated using oligonucleotide probes targeting the small subunit (SSU) ribosomal RNA (rRNA) of major microbial groups.

TL;DR: A simple methodology based on restriction endonuclease digestion of the total bacterial and archaeal 16S rDNA amplified from sea water samples to compare the prokaryotic diversity present along a transect from coastal to offshore waters in the Mediterranean basin found the main difference was found between the free-living community and that retained by the eukaryotic filter and assumed to be particle attached.

TL;DR: Sulfate-reducing bacteria from the oxic sediment layers revealed a higher oxygen tolerance and capacity of oxygen respiration than isolates from the anoxic sediment layers, but no sulfate reduction was observed in the presence of oxygen, since oxygen was preferentially reduced.

TL;DR: The results indicate that P. fluorescens F113 is a promising biocontrol agent against the potato soft rot agent E. atroseptica and suggest that the pseudomonad's ability to produce DAPG is a key factor in its inhibition of the pathogen.

TL;DR: The methanogen flora of soil samples taken from nine paddy fields in Japan was analyzed, indicating that novel Methanogenium-like organisms exist in these soils as major methanogens.

TL;DR: The view that nitrosospiras are ubiquitous as important members of nitrifying populations in the environment is supported, as the direct detection of nitrosomonad DNA only in amended soils supports the hypothesis that these nitosomonads become highly competitive under conditions analogous to laboratory enrichment cultures.

TL;DR: A tremendous metabolic capacity is demonstrated of the permanently cold profundal sediment at much higher temperatures, but apparently to a different extent for the different physiological groups of anaerobic bacteria.

TL;DR: The gut microflora of the wood-feeding termite Reticulitermes flavipes is characterized, showing that the isolate Enterococcus strain RfL6, representing the most abundant physiotype among the carbohydrate-utilizing gut bacteria, was not purely fermentative, but consumed oxygen during growth on glucose, accompanied by a complete shift in the product spectrum from lactate to acetate, and was able to oxidize lactateto acetate when oxygen was present.

TL;DR: Measurements of substrate responsiveness, real and potential respiration, membrane permeability, and DNA content reveal an important heterogeneity within the population, and suggest a progressive physiological cell alteration throughout the starvation process.

TL;DR: Current applications of flow cytometry in environmental microbiology are reviewed and a case for the adoption of the technique as a necessary and routine research instrument is presented.

TL;DR: It is concluded that methanogenic archaea were responsible for this methane production during the early phase of anoxia in rice soil slurries by measuring the concentrations of reductants and of oxidants and calculating the thermodynamic conditions for methanogenesis.

TL;DR: The ‘unifying’ hypothesis for biofilm structures as recently proposed by Wimpenny and Colasanti deals with only one dimension of a two-dimensional force field action upon the biofilm, but a more unifying hypothesis is proposed which states that the interaction between the substrate gradient at theBiofilm interface and detachment forces influence the bioFilm structure.

TL;DR: Qualitative analysis revealed that exposure to Hg caused a large increase in the proportion of Gram-negative strains among HgR bacteria in both soil parts, suggesting that these factors govern mercury bioavailability.

TL;DR: Communities of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi present in two hydrocarbon polluted soils from Argentina and Germany were analyzed by examining stained pieces of plant roots for degree of colonization and fungal structures.

TL;DR: Highly specific polyclonal antibodies against two Pseudomonas fluorescens strains (DF57 and Ag1), which differed by approximately 10% of their utilizable substrates as tested in Biolog GN plates, were used for in situ labelling of bacterial cells colonizing barley roots grown in sterile soil.

TL;DR: With increasing incubation time and temperature, diesel oil utilization by the inoculum in the soil decreased, whereas degradation activity of the indigenous soil microorganisms and abiotic losses increased.

TL;DR: An almost uniform distribution in the root system of mature plants was observed and the release of the exogenous bacterial strain affected mainly the microbial populations of young growing plants rather than mature plants, and total culturable bacteria was observed.

TL;DR: At low temperature denitrifying bacteria predominate in estuarine sediments as they are selected by their improved ability to scavenge limited concentrations of nitrate at low temperature, whereas fermentative nitrate-ammonifiers are better competitors for nitrates at the higher summer temperatures.

TL;DR: The correlation between UV protection and scytonemin presence was established experimentally for the first time under solar irradiance in a natural, essentially monospecific population of a cyanobacterium.