Effects of Exercise on Cardiovascular Risk Factors in Type 2 Diabetes: A meta-analysis
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TLDR
Aerobic exercise alone or combined with RT improves glycemic control, systolic blood pressure, triglycerides, and waist circumference, and the impact of resistance exercise alone on CV risk markers in type 2 diabetes remains unclear.Abstract:
OBJECTIVE Exercise is a cornerstone of diabetes management and the prevention of incident diabetes. However, the impact of the mode of exercise on cardiovascular (CV) risk factors in type 2 diabetes is unclear. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS We conducted a systematic review of the literature between 1970 and October 2009 in representative databases for the effect of aerobic or resistance exercise training on clinical markers of CV risk, including glycemic control, dyslipidemia, blood pressure, and body composition in patients with type 2 diabetes. RESULTS Of 645 articles retrieved, 34 met our inclusion criteria; most investigated aerobic exercise alone, and 10 reported combined exercise training. Aerobic alone or combined with resistance training (RT) significantly improved HbA 1c −0.6 and −0.67%, respectively (95% CI −0.98 to −0.27 and −0.93 to −0.40, respectively), systolic blood pressure (SBP) −6.08 and −3.59 mmHg, respectively (95% CI −10.79 to −1.36 and −6.93 to −0.24, respectively), and triglycerides −0.3 mmol/L (95% CI −0.48 to −0.11 and −0.57 to −0.02, respectively). Waist circumference was significantly improved −3.1 cm (95% CI −10.3 to −1.2) with combined aerobic and resistance exercise, although fewer studies and more heterogeneity of the responses were observed in the latter two markers. Resistance exercise alone or combined with any other form of exercise was not found to have any significant effect on CV markers. CONCLUSIONS Aerobic exercise alone or combined with RT improves glycemic control, SBP, triglycerides, and waist circumference. The impact of resistance exercise alone on CV risk markers in type 2 diabetes remains unclear.read more
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TL;DR: A systematic review of the effect of cardiac rehabilitation (CR) and its components on cardiovascular outcomes in patients with stable angina was carried out in this article, which revealed that CR improved exercise capacity and decreased angina frequency.
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Journal Article
Intensive blood-glucose control with sulphonylureas or insulin compared with conventional treatment and risk of complications in patients with type 2 diabetes (UKPDS 33)
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TL;DR: In this article, the effects of intensive blood-glucose control with either sulphonylurea or insulin and conventional treatment on the risk of microvascular and macrovascular complications in patients with type 2 diabetes in a randomised controlled trial were compared.
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Global Prevalence of Diabetes: Estimates for the year 2000 and projections for 2030
TL;DR: Findings indicate that the "diabetes epidemic" will continue even if levels of obesity remain constant, and given the increasing prevalence of obesity, it is likely that these figures provide an underestimate of future diabetes prevalence.
Journal Article
Intensive blood-glucose control with sulphonylureas or insulin compared with conventional treatment and risk of complications in patients with type 2 diabetes (UKPDS 33). UK Prospective Diabetes Study (UKPDS) Group.
R C Turner,C Fox,Matthews,H McElroy,Carole A. Cull,Rury R. Holman,P. A. Neil,D R Hadden,D Wright,E Manley,Irene M Stratton,UK Prospective Diabetes,E M Kohner,Frighi,Michael Gnant +14 more
TL;DR: The effects of intensive blood-glucose control with either sulphonylurea or insulin and conventional treatment on the risk of microvascular and macrovascular complications in patients with type 2 diabetes in a randomised controlled trial were compared.
Intensive blood-glucose control with sulphonylureas or insulin compared with conventional treatment and risk of complications in patients with type 2 diabetes (UKPDS 33)
TL;DR: The effects of intensive blood-glucose control with either sulphonylurea or insulin and conventional treatment on the risk of microvascular and macrovascular complications in patients with type 2 diabetes in a randomised controlled trial were compared.
Journal ArticleDOI
Mortality from Coronary Heart Disease in Subjects with Type 2 Diabetes and in Nondiabetic Subjects with and without Prior Myocardial Infarction
TL;DR: It is suggested that diabetic patients without previous myocardial infarction have as high a risk of myocardia infarctions as nondiabetic patients with previous my Cardiac Arrest.