Effects of Exercise on Cardiovascular Risk Factors in Type 2 Diabetes: A meta-analysis
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Aerobic exercise alone or combined with RT improves glycemic control, systolic blood pressure, triglycerides, and waist circumference, and the impact of resistance exercise alone on CV risk markers in type 2 diabetes remains unclear.Abstract:
OBJECTIVE Exercise is a cornerstone of diabetes management and the prevention of incident diabetes. However, the impact of the mode of exercise on cardiovascular (CV) risk factors in type 2 diabetes is unclear. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS We conducted a systematic review of the literature between 1970 and October 2009 in representative databases for the effect of aerobic or resistance exercise training on clinical markers of CV risk, including glycemic control, dyslipidemia, blood pressure, and body composition in patients with type 2 diabetes. RESULTS Of 645 articles retrieved, 34 met our inclusion criteria; most investigated aerobic exercise alone, and 10 reported combined exercise training. Aerobic alone or combined with resistance training (RT) significantly improved HbA 1c −0.6 and −0.67%, respectively (95% CI −0.98 to −0.27 and −0.93 to −0.40, respectively), systolic blood pressure (SBP) −6.08 and −3.59 mmHg, respectively (95% CI −10.79 to −1.36 and −6.93 to −0.24, respectively), and triglycerides −0.3 mmol/L (95% CI −0.48 to −0.11 and −0.57 to −0.02, respectively). Waist circumference was significantly improved −3.1 cm (95% CI −10.3 to −1.2) with combined aerobic and resistance exercise, although fewer studies and more heterogeneity of the responses were observed in the latter two markers. Resistance exercise alone or combined with any other form of exercise was not found to have any significant effect on CV markers. CONCLUSIONS Aerobic exercise alone or combined with RT improves glycemic control, SBP, triglycerides, and waist circumference. The impact of resistance exercise alone on CV risk markers in type 2 diabetes remains unclear.read more
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References
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Type 2 diabetes mellitus is associated with multiple cardiometabolic risk factors.
TL;DR: Despite the range of treatment options available, therapeutic agents that target new steps in the progression of CVD are needed, as patients with type 2 DM remain at increased risk and many do not achieve therapeutic targets with the drugs available.
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The effect of exercise training on resting metabolic rate in type 2 diabetes mellitus.
TL;DR: It is suggested that RMR was not significantly changed after a 6-month exercise program, regardless of modality, in this sample of adults with type 2 diabetes.
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Lowering HbA1c in type 2 diabetics results in reduced risk of coronary heart disease and all-cause mortality
TL;DR: Lowering HbA1c in type 2 diabetics decreases the absolute risk of developing CHD by 5-17%, as well as decreasing all-cause mortality by 6-15%.