Effects of weight loss and exercise on the distribution of lead and essential trace elements in rats with prior lead exposure.
Shenggao Han,Wenjie Li,Uzma Jamil,Kyle Dargan,Michelle Orefice,Francis W. Kemp,John D. Bogden +6 more
TLDR
Weight loss, especially rapid weight loss, could result in lead toxicity in people with a history of prior excessive lead exposure, and there were no significant differences in blood and organ lead concentrations between the swimming and nonswimming groups.Abstract:
We studied the effects of weight loss and non-weight-bearing exercise (swimming) on blood and organ lead and essential metal concentrations in rats with prior lead exposure. Nine-week-old female Sprague-Dawley rats (n = 37) received lead acetate in their drinking water for 2 weeks, followed by a 4-day latency period without lead exposure. Rats were then randomly assigned to one of six treatment groups: weight maintenance with ad libitum feeding, moderate weight loss with 20% food restriction, and substantial weight loss with 40% food restriction, either with or without swimming. Blood lead concentrations were measured weekly. The rats were euthanized after a 4-week period of food restriction, and the brain, liver, kidneys, quadriceps muscle, lumbar spinal column bones, and femur were harvested for analysis for lead, calcium, copper, iron, magnesium, and zinc using atomic absorption spectrophotometry. Both swimming and nonswimming rats fed restricted diets had consistently higher blood lead concentrations than the ad libitum controls. Rats in the substantial weight loss group had higher organ lead concentrations than rats in the weight maintenance group. Rats in the moderate weight loss group had intermediate values. There were no significant differences in blood and organ lead concentrations between the swimming and nonswimming groups. Organ iron concentrations increased with weight loss, but those of the other metals studied did not. Weight loss also increased hematocrits and decreased bone density of the nonswimming rats. The response of lead stores to weight loss was similar to that of iron stores because both were conserved during food restriction in contrast to decreased stores of the other metals studied. It is possible that weight loss, especially rapid weight loss, could result in lead toxicity in people with a history of prior excessive lead exposure.read more
Citations
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Multiple metal exposures and metabolic syndrome: A cross-sectional analysis of the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2011-2014.
TL;DR: Cross‐sectional findings suggest both toxic and essential metal exposures may contribute to cardiometabolic health, but need to be confirmed with prospective data.
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Lead-induced endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress responses in the nervous system
TL;DR: Toxic effects of Pb on the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) are considered in detail, based on recent evidence that Pb induces the expression of the gene for 78-kD glucose-regulated protein (GRP78) and other ER stress genes.
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Lead accumulation in tidemark of articular cartilage.
N. Zoeger,Paul Roschger,Jochen G. Hofstaetter,C. Jokubonis,Giancarlo Pepponi,Gerald Falkenberg,Peter Fratzl,A. Berzlanovich,A. Berzlanovich,W. Osterode,C. Streli,Peter Wobrauschek +11 more
TL;DR: The finding of the highly specific accumulation of lead in the tidemark of human articular cartilage is novel, however at this point, the exact mechanisms of the local Pb accumulation as well as its clinical implications are unknown.
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Determination of the elemental distribution in human joint bones by SR micro XRF
N. Zoeger,Christina Streli,Peter Wobrauschek,C. Jokubonis,Giancarlo Pepponi,Paul Roschger,Jochen G. Hofstaetter,A. Berzlanovich,A. Berzlanovich,D. Wegrzynek,D. Wegrzynek,E. Chinea-Cano,Andrzej Markowicz,Andrzej Markowicz,Rolf Simon,Gerald Falkenberg +15 more
TL;DR: In this article, the authors used synchrotron-radiation-induced micro x-ray fluorescence analysis (SR µ-XRF) in various geometries to determine the distributions of Pb, Ca, Zn and Sr at the cartilage-bone interface in human femoral heads and patellae.
Journal ArticleDOI
Blood lead levels and bone turnover with weight reduction in women
Claudia S Riedt,Brian Buckley,Robert E. Brolin,Hasina Ambia-Sobhan,George G. Rhoads,Sue A. Shapses +5 more
TL;DR: Bone turnover markers increased only with severe WL and were directly correlated with WL, while whole blood Pb levels were measured by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry and remained well below levels defined as Pb overexposure.
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