Journal ArticleDOI
Efficient degradation of triclosan by an endophytic fungus Penicillium oxalicum B4
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TLDR
The new characteristics of high adsorption, fast degradation, and low residual toxicity highlight the potential of endophytic P. oxalicum B4 in TCS bioremediation.Abstract:
Triclosan (TCS), a widely used antimicrobial and preservative agent, is an emerging contaminant in aqueous and soil environment. Microbial degradation of TCS has not been reported frequently because of its inhibition of microbe growth. To explore the new microbial resources for TCS biodegradation, fungal endophytes were isolated and screened for the degradation potential. The endophytic strain B4 isolated from Artemisia annua L. showed higher degradation efficiency and was identified as Penicillium oxalicum based on its morphology and ITS sequences of ribosomal DNA. In both medium and synthetic wastewater, TCS (5 mg/L) was almost completely degraded within 2 h by the strain B4. The high capacity of TCS uptake (127.60 ± 8.57 mg/g dry weight, DW) of fungal mycelium was observed during the first 10 min after TCS addition. B4 rapidly reduced initial content (5.00 mg/L) of TCS to 0.41 mg/L in medium in 10 min. Then, the accumulation of TCS in mycelium was degraded from 0.45 to 0.05 mg/g DW after 1-h treatment. The degradation metabolites including 2-chlorohydroquinone, 2, 4-dichloropheno, and hydroquinone were found to be restrained in mycelia. The end products of the biodegradation in medium showed no toxicity to Escherichia coli. The new characteristics of high adsorption, fast degradation, and low residual toxicity highlight the potential of endophytic P. oxalicum B4 in TCS bioremediation.read more
Citations
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Removal of pharmaceuticals and personal care products using constructed wetlands: effective plant-bacteria synergism may enhance degradation efficiency
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Endophytic Penicillium species and their agricultural, biotechnological, and pharmaceutical applications.
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Evaluation of diclofenac biodegradation by the ascomycete fungus Penicillium oxalicum at flask and bench bioreactor scales.
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References
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Journal ArticleDOI
Endophytes: a rich source of functional metabolites.
Ren-Xiang Tan,W. X. Zou +1 more
Journal ArticleDOI
Triclosan: Occurrence and fate of a widely used biocide in the aquatic environment: Field measurements in wastewater treatment plants, surface waters, and lake sediments
TL;DR: The measured vertical concentration profile of triclosan in a lake sediment core of lake Greifensee reflects its increased use over 30 years, and the measured concentrations in surface waters are in the range of the predicted no effect concentration of 50 ng/L.
Journal ArticleDOI
Occurrence and environmental behavior of the bactericide triclosan and its methyl derivative in surface waters and in wastewater.
Anton Lindström,Ignaz J. Buerge,Thomas Poiger,Per-Anders Bergqvist,Markus D Müller,Hans-Rudolf Buser +5 more
TL;DR: Modeling the situation of lake Greifensee indicated that photodegradation can account for the elimination of triclosan from the lake and suggested a seasonal dependence of the concentrations (lower in summer, higher in winter), consistent with observed concentrations.
Journal ArticleDOI
Triclosan, a commonly used bactericide found in human milk and in the aquatic environment in Sweden.
TL;DR: High levels of the commonly used, effective bactericide Triclosan was found in three out of five randomly selected human milk samples and in wild living fish from the receiving waters of the three wastewater treatment plants.
Journal ArticleDOI
Mechanism of Triclosan Inhibition of Bacterial Fatty Acid Synthesis
TL;DR: Formation of a noncovalent “bi-substrate” complex accounts for the effectiveness of triclosan as a FabI inhibitor and illustrates that mutations in the FabI active site that interfere with the formation of a stable FabI-NAD+-triclosan ternary complex acquire resistance to the drug.