Journal ArticleDOI
Empathy as a neuropsychological heuristic in social decision-making.
TLDR
Empirical differences in empathic ability are related to lower response times in the PD game, suggesting that empathy is related to faster social choices, independent of whether they choose to cooperate or defect.Abstract:
Decision-making in social dilemmas is suggested to rely on three factors: the valuation of a choice option, the relative judgment of two or more choice alternatives, and individual factors affecting the ease at which judgments and decisions are made. Here, we test whether empathy—an individual’s relative ability to understand others’ thoughts, emotions, and intentions—acts as an individual factor that alleviates conflict resolution in social decision-making. We test this by using a framed, iterated prisoners’ dilemma (PD) game in two settings. In a behavioral experiment, we find that individual differences in empathic ability (the Empathy Quotient, EQ) were related to lower response times in the PD game, suggesting that empathy is related to faster social choices, independent of whether they choose to cooperate or defect. In a subsequent neuroimaging experiment, using functional magnetic resonance imaging, we find that EQ is positively related to individual differences in the engagement of brain structure...read more
Citations
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Improving empathy with motivational strategies in batterer intervention programmes: Results of a randomized controlled trial.
TL;DR: This study reinforces the view that different modalities of IPV intervention might lead to different cognitive outcomes after the intervention, and may help professionals to develop specific intervention programmes focused on improving cognitive abilities in order to reduce IPV recidivism.
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Left Amygdala and Putamen Activation Modulate Emotion Driven Decisions in the Iterated Prisoner’s Dilemma Game
TL;DR: Findings indicate that while the left amygdala activation may be indicative of emotion enhancement and increase of cooperative behavior, the left putamen may help to suppress an emotion to overcome anger and engage in cooperation.
Journal ArticleDOI
Dropout from Court-Mandated Intervention Programs for Intimate Partner Violence Offenders: The Relevance of Alcohol Misuse and Cognitive Impairments.
TL;DR: Different targets that should be addressed during the initial stages of interventions in order to prevent or reduce IPVAW dropout are identified, which in turn might reduce violence recidivism in the long term through their effects on emotional information processing and behavioural regulation.
Journal ArticleDOI
Decision-Making Competence, Social Orientation, Time Style, and Perceived Stress.
TL;DR: The results indicate that social orientation and time approach are important to consider in relation to perceived stress, but the role of decision-making competence may be less important for perceived stress.
Journal ArticleDOI
Intuitive and Deliberative Empathizers and Systemizers.
TL;DR: The findings indicate that a distinction between "intuitive empathizing" and "deliberative systemizing" is not warranted, and there may be some overlap between individual differences in orientations for intuitive thinking and empathizing.
References
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Book
The Evolution of Cooperation
TL;DR: In this paper, a model based on the concept of an evolutionarily stable strategy in the context of the Prisoner's Dilemma game was developed for cooperation in organisms, and the results of a computer tournament showed how cooperation based on reciprocity can get started in an asocial world, can thrive while interacting with a wide range of other strategies, and can resist invasion once fully established.
Journal ArticleDOI
An fMRI Investigation of Emotional Engagement in Moral Judgment
Joshua D. Greene,R. Brian Sommerville,Leigh E. Nystrom,John M. Darley,Jonathan D. Cohen,Jonathan D. Cohen +5 more
TL;DR: It is argued that moral dilemmas vary systematically in the extent to which they engage emotional processing and that these variations in emotional engagement influence moral judgment.
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Large-scale automated synthesis of human functional neuroimaging data
TL;DR: An automated brain-mapping framework that uses text-mining, meta-analysis and machine-learning techniques to generate a large database of mappings between neural and cognitive states is described and validated.
Journal ArticleDOI
Moral emotions and moral behavior
TL;DR: This chapter reviews current theory and research on moral emotions and focuses on a triad of negatively valenced "self-conscious" emotions-shame, guilt, and embarrassment.
Journal ArticleDOI
The neural bases of cognitive conflict and control in moral judgment.
TL;DR: The present results indicate that brain regions associated with abstract reasoning and cognitive control are recruited to resolve difficult personal moral dilemmas in which utilitarian values require "personal" moral violations, violations that have previously been associated with increased activity in emotion-related brain regions.