Open Access
Evacuation Dynamics: Empirical Results, Modeling and Applications
Andreas Schadschneider,Wolfram Klingsch,Hubert Kluepfel,Tobias Kretz,Christian Rogsch,Armin Seyfried +5 more
- pp 3142-3176
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1 Institut fur Theoretische Physik, Universitat zu Koln, Germany as@thp.uni-koeln.de 2 Interdisziplinares Zentrum fur komplexe Systeme, Bonn, GermanyAbstract:
1 Institut fur Theoretische Physik, Universitat zu Koln, 50937 Koln, Germany as@thp.uni-koeln.de 2 Interdisziplinares Zentrum fur komplexe Systeme, 53117 Bonn, Germany 3 Institute for Building Material Technology and Fire Safety Science, University of Wuppertal, 42285 Wuppertal, Germany 4 TraffGo HT GmbH, Bismarckstr. 142 , 47057 Duisburg, Germany 5 PTV AG, Stumpfstr. 1, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany 6 Julich Supercomputing Centre, Research Centre Julich, 52425 Julich, Germanyread more
Citations
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Statistical physics of social dynamics
TL;DR: In this article, a wide list of topics ranging from opinion and cultural and language dynamics to crowd behavior, hierarchy formation, human dynamics, and social spreading are reviewed and connections between these problems and other, more traditional, topics of statistical physics are highlighted.
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How simple rules determine pedestrian behavior and crowd disasters
TL;DR: This work proposes an integrated treatment of simultaneous interactions between multiple individuals, which overcomes limitations of current physics-inspired pair interaction models and clears the way for a more realistic modeling of collective social behaviors, in particular of human crowds and biological swarms.
Journal ArticleDOI
Methods for measuring pedestrian density, flow, speed and direction with minimal scatter
Bernhard Steffen,Armin Seyfried +1 more
TL;DR: In this paper, a Voronoi diagram is used to assign a personal space to every pedestrian to reduce the density scatter and calculate direction and speed from position differences between times with identical phases of movement.
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Generalized centrifugal-force model for pedestrian dynamics.
TL;DR: A spatially continuous force-based model for simulating pedestrian dynamics is introduced which includes an elliptical volume exclusion of pedestrians and shows good agreement with empirical data obtained in controlled experiments.
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Crowd disasters as systemic failures: analysis of the Love Parade disaster
TL;DR: In this article, a qualitative analysis of publicly available videos and materials, which document the planning and organization of the Love Parade in Duisburg, Germany, and the crowd disaster on July 24, 2010, is presented.
References
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Social Force Model for Pedestrian Dynamics
Dirk Helbing,Péter Molnár +1 more
TL;DR: Computer simulations of crowds of interacting pedestrians show that the social force model is capable of describing the self-organization of several observed collective effects of pedestrian behavior very realistically.
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Simulating dynamical features of escape panic
TL;DR: A model of pedestrian behaviour is used to investigate the mechanisms of panic and jamming by uncoordinated motion in crowds, and an optimal strategy for escape from a smoke-filled room is found, involving a mixture of individualistic behaviour and collective ‘herding’ instinct.
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A cellular automaton model for freeway traffic
Kai Nagel,Michael Schreckenberg +1 more
TL;DR: A stochastic discrete automaton model is introduced to simulate freeway traffic and shows a transition from laminar traffic flow to start-stop- waves with increasing vehicle density, as is observed in real freeway traffic.
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Traffic and related self-driven many-particle systems
Dirk Helbing,Dirk Helbing +1 more
TL;DR: This article considers the empirical data and then reviews the main approaches to modeling pedestrian and vehicle traffic, including microscopic (particle-based), mesoscopic (gas-kinetic), and macroscopic (fluid-dynamic) models.