Gender Differences in Depression
TLDR
For example, this article found that women are twice as likely as men to experience depression from early adolescence through adulthood, and that gender differences in stress experiences and stress reactivity may interact to create women's greater vulnerability to depression.Abstract:
From early adolescence through adulthood, women are twice as likely as men to experience depression. Many different explanations for this gender difference in depression have been offered, but none seems to fully explain it. Recent research has focused on gender differences in stress responses, and in exposure to certain stressors. I review this research and describe how gender differences in stress experiences and stress reactivity may interact to create women's greater vulnerability to depression.read more
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
The size and burden of mental disorders and other disorders of the brain in Europe 2010
Hans-Ulrich Wittchen,Frank Jacobi,Jürgen Rehm,Jürgen Rehm,Anders Gustavsson,Mikael Svensson,Bengt Jönsson,Jes Olesen,Christer Allgulander,Jordi Alonso,Carlo Faravelli,Laura Fratiglioni,Poul Jennum,Roselind Lieb,Andreas Maercker,J. van Os,Martin Preisig,Luis Salvador-Carulla,Roland Simon,Hans-Christoph Steinhausen,Hans-Christoph Steinhausen,Hans-Christoph Steinhausen +21 more
TL;DR: The true size and burden of disorders of the brain in the EU was significantly underestimated in the past, and Concerted priority action is needed at all levels, including substantially increased funding for basic, clinical and public health research and policy decisions.
Journal ArticleDOI
Stress and Depression
TL;DR: There is growing interest in moving away from unidirectional models of the stress-depression association, toward recognition of the effects of contexts and personal characteristics on the occurrence of stressors, and on the likelihood of progressive and dynamic relationships between stress and depression over time.
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Size and burden of mental disorders in Europe—a critical review and appraisal of 27 studies
TL;DR: Epidemiological data on a wide range of mental disorders from community studies conducted in European countries are presented to determine the availability and consistency of prevalence, disability and treatment findings for the EU, highlighting considerable future research needs for coordinated EU studies across all disorders and age groups.
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The prevalence of co‐morbid depression in adults with Type 2 diabetes: a systematic review and meta‐analysis
TL;DR: In this article, the authors conducted a systematic literature review to estimate the prevalence and odds ratio of clinically relevant depression in adults with Type 2 diabetes compared with those without, and found that the prevalence of depression was significantly higher in patients with type 2 diabetes than those without.
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The ABCs of depression: integrating affective, biological, and cognitive models to explain the emergence of the gender difference in depression.
TL;DR: A model is proposed that integrates affective, biological, and cognitive factors as vulnerabilities to depression that heighten girls' rates of depression beginning in adolescence and account for the gender difference in depression.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
Cross-national epidemiology of major depression and bipolar disorder
Myrna M. Weissman,Roger C. Bland,Glorisa Canino,Carlo Faravelli,Steven Greenwald,Hai-Gwo Hwu,Peter R. Joyce,Elie G. Karam,C. K. Lee,Joseph Lellouch,J P Lépine,Stephen C. Newman,Maritza Rubio-Stipec,J. E. Wells,Priya Wickramaratne,Hans-Ulrich Wittchen,E.-K. Yeh +16 more
TL;DR: There are striking similarities across countries in patterns of major depression and of bipolar disorder and the differences in rates for major depression across countries suggest that cultural differences or different risk factors affect the expression of the disorder.
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Gender differences in depression. Critical review.
Marco Piccinelli,Greg Wilkinson +1 more
TL;DR: Determinants of gender differences in depressive disorders are far from being established and their combination into integrated aetiological models continues to be lacking.
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Sex and depression in the National Comorbidity Survey I: Lifetime prevalence, chronicity and recurrence
Ronald C. Kessler,Katherine A. McGonagle,Marvin S. Swartz,Dan G. Blazer,Christopher B. Nelson +4 more
TL;DR: Age of onset analysis shows that this sex difference begins in early adolescence and persists through the mid-50s and means that the higher prevalence of 12-month depression among women than men is largely due to women having a higher risk of first onset.
Journal ArticleDOI
The emergence of gender differences in depression during adolescence.
TL;DR: Three models for how gender differences in depression might develop in early adolescence are described and evaluated and it is concluded that Model 3 is best supported by the available data, although much more research is needed.
Journal ArticleDOI
Explaining the gender difference in depressive symptoms
TL;DR: This article found that women are more vulnerable to depressive symptoms than men because they are more likely to experience chronic negative circumstances (or strain), to have a low sense of mastery, and to engage in ruminative coping.