Showing papers in "European Neuropsychopharmacology in 2005"

TL;DR: Epidemiological data on a wide range of mental disorders from community studies conducted in European countries are presented to determine the availability and consistency of prevalence, disability and treatment findings for the EU, highlighting considerable future research needs for coordinated EU studies across all disorders and age groups.

TL;DR: The treatment goals for the moment are to identify the illness as early as possible, treat the symptoms, provide skills to patients and their families, maintain the improvement over a period of time, prevent relapses and reintegrate the ill persons into the community so that they can lead as normal a life as possible.

TL;DR: The observed variations in prevalence and incidence rates may result from environmental or genetic factors, but might also be a consequence of differences in methodologies for case ascertainment, diagnostic criteria, or age distributions of the study populations.

TL;DR: A literature search, supplemented by an expert survey and selected reanalyses of existing data from epidemiological studies was performed to determine the prevalence and associated burden of bipolar I and II disorder in EU countries.

TL;DR: Social phobia was shown to be a persistent condition with a remarkably high degree of comorbid conditions, associated impairment and disability, and women were more frequently affected than men.

TL;DR: The considerable differences in health care systems among European countries may impact on proportions of depressives receiving treatment and its adequacy, particularly in the key area of primary care, and require further study.

TL;DR: This review on dementia is restricted to European Union countries where the overwhelming majority of studies have been undertaken, and will also refer to the EURODEM publications which may be considered to be the principal European reference point.

TL;DR: The objective of this paper is to provide a review on available data to date on the epidemiology of GAD in Europe, and to highlight areas for future research.

TL;DR: The efficacy and tolerability profile of haloperidol (including its propensity for EPS) supported study validity and quetiapine was effective and well tolerated.

TL;DR: The data suggest that enhancement of CB1 receptor signaling results in antidepressant effects in the forced swim test similar to that seen following conventional antidepressant administration.

TL;DR: In general health primary care settings, there appears to be substantial underdiagnosis and undertreatment of panic disorder and agoraphobia, despite high health care utilization rates and substantial long-term disability.

TL;DR: The functions of neurotrophins in the complex process of normal brain development, and their possible relevance to the neuropathology and neuropharmacology of schizophrenia are reviewed.

TL;DR: The findings indicate that symptomatically stable patients can be safely switched from oral risperidone to long-acting injectable risperodone without compromising efficacy.

TL;DR: It was showed that AUD constitute a high burden of disease in Europe, but there was high variability of prevalence, and that men have higher prevalence rates of AUD than women.

TL;DR: It is concluded that risperidone monotherapy was an effective and well-tolerated treatment for bipolar mania and that efficacy was maintained over the long term.

TL;DR: The findings support an association between homozygosity for 10-repeat allele at DAT1 and the DAT density assessed in vivo and correlation between the hom allele and poor response to MPH.

TL;DR: The association of three functional polymorphisms of receptor genes on initial symptom severity and outcome in a series of Chinese Han first-episode drug-naive patients with schizophrenia is reported, in which the greater improvement is seen with the more severe initial symptom score.

TL;DR: This preliminary study suggests that even very low (0.5 mg) risperidone doses are effective in OC patients who were nonresponders to a standardized treatment with fluvoxamine.

TL;DR: A heuristic hypothesis is that olanzapine's clinical effects and a favorable side effect profile are in part mediated by neurotrophins.

TL;DR: It is suggested that CB1 receptors are not involved in acute cocaine reinforcement nor in cocaine-induced behavioural sensitization.

TL;DR: It is concluded that problem drug use constitutes a relatively high burden of disease and social problems in Europe.

TL;DR: Results indicate that nicotinic receptor blockers antagonize acute reinforcing effects of cocaine while NMDA receptor blockade may have limited effectiveness.

TL;DR: The binding of the norepinephrine transporter radioligand, (S,S)-[18F]FMeNER-D2, to human brain post-mortem was examined in vitro by whole hemisphere autoradiography and the NET-selectivity of binding was confirmed by co-incubation with desipramine.

TL;DR: The results are best explained by assuming that electrical delta activity reflects cholinergic transmitter control followed by and closely linked to changes in dopaminergic transmission as indicated by additional concomitant changes in alpha2 electrical power.

TL;DR: The results of this study suggest that the central histaminergic neuron system could be involved in the pathophysiology of schizophrenia, although further studies are needed to confirm this hypothesis.

TL;DR: Sub-chronic treatment or a single agomelatine injection reduced a state of anxiety and passivity caused by asocial defeat in rats, indicating that the anxiolytic-like action of agomalatine requires the integrity of the suprachiasmatic nuclei.

TL;DR: It is proposed that anxiolytic-sensitive freezing and fear-potentiated startle are triggered by moderate contextual fear conditioning, while contextual conditioning with the use of high footshocks causes a distinct pattern of behavioral responses, which is only partially affected by midazolam.

TL;DR: The finding suggest that psychotic states are associated with an increase in the oxidative metabolites of bilirubin in human urine.

TL;DR: The C/C genotype was significantly associated with relative clinical improvement as measured by Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale (BPRS) change scores after 6 and 12 weeks, and the results suggest that this effect is only attributable to Caucasians when compared to African-Americans.

TL;DR: It is demonstrated that the ACE inhibitor perindopril has a dose-dependent protective effect against MPTP-induced striatal dopamine, DOPAC and HVA depletion in mice and suggests that PV-immunoreactive cells and nNOS-imuneactive cells are different interneurons in both the striatum and substantia nigra.