Journal ArticleDOI
High Levels of Cadmium and Lead in Seminal Fluid and Blood of Smoking Men are Associated with High Oxidative Stress and Damage in Infertile Subjects
Ali Riza Kiziler,Birsen Aydemir,İlhan Onaran,Bülent Alici,Hamdi Özkara,Tevfik Gulyasar,Mehmet Can Akyolcu +6 more
TLDR
It is suggested that cigarette smoking enhances the levels of Cd and Pb in seminal plasma and blood and the extent of oxidative damage associated with a decrease in components of the anti-oxidant defenses in the sperm of infertile males.Abstract:
We measured the levels of malondialdehyde (MDA), protein carbonyls, glutathione S-transferase (GST) and reducte glutathione (GSH) in seminal plasma and spermatozoa from 95 subjects including 50 infertile patients to evaluate the association between oxidative stress and damage and the components of the anti-oxidant defenses in seminal plasma and spermatozoa of infertile subjects and concentrations of cadmium (Cd) and lead (Pb) in the blood and seminal plasma because of tobacco smoke exposure. The reactive oxygen species (ROS) in spermatozoa were also evaluated by luminol (5-amino-2,3-dihydro-1,4-phthalazinedione)-enhanced chemiluminescence assay. The sperm count, motility, and morphology in the smokers infertile group were found to be lower than those in the fertile male group and nonsmokers infertile group (p < 0.001). Concentrations of Cd, Pb, MDA, protein carbonyls, and ROS levels in the smokers infertile group were significantly higher than those in the fertile male and nonsmokers infertile male groups (p < 0.001). However, GSH levels and GST activities were decreased in the smokers infertile male group than those in the fertile male and nonsmokers infertile male groups (p < 0.001). The results indicate that smoking could affect semen quality and oxidative lipid and protein damage in human spermatozoa. From Pearson correlation analysis, positive correlations were demonstrated between the seminal plasma Cd and seminal plasma protein carbonyls and between seminal plasma Pb and spermatozoa ROS levels in smokers of the subfertile group, while there was a significant positive correlation between blood Cd and ROS levels in smokers of the fertile group. There was also a significant negative correlation of the Cd level of the blood and GSH levels of the sperm and seminal plasma. These findings suggest that cigarette smoking enhances the levels of Cd and Pb in seminal plasma and blood and the extent of oxidative damage associated with a decrease in components of the anti-oxidant defenses in the sperm of infertile males.read more
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
Effect of oxidative stress on male reproduction.
TL;DR: This review highlights the mechanisms of ROS production, the physiological and pathophysiological roles of ROS in relation to the male reproductive system, and recent advances in diagnostic methods; it also explores the benefits of using antioxidants in a clinical setting.
Journal ArticleDOI
The Blood-Testis Barrier and Its Implications for Male Contraception
C. Yan Cheng,Dolores D. Mruk +1 more
TL;DR: Multiple potential targets are present at the BTB for innovative contraceptive development and for better delivery of drugs to alleviate toxicant-induced reproductive dysfunction in men, as well as critically evaluate findings in the field regarding studies on drug transporters in the testis.
Journal ArticleDOI
Reactive Oxygen Species and Sperm Function—In Sickness and In Health
TL;DR: Modulators of ROS generation by spermatozoa may have clinical utility in regulating the fertilizing capacity of these cells and preventing the development of antisperm immunity, and require a systematic evaluation of pro- and antioxidant strategies in vivo and in vitro.
Journal ArticleDOI
The Detrimental Effects of Lead on Human and Animal Health
Mohammed Abdulrazzaq Assi,Mohd Noor Mohd Hezmee,Abd Wahid Haron,Mohd Yusof Mohd Sabri,Mohd Ali Rajion +4 more
TL;DR: The massive harmful impact that leads acetate toxicity has on the animals and the worrying fact that this harmful toxicant can be found quite easily in the environment and abundance are discussed.
Journal ArticleDOI
Sperm DNA damage caused by oxidative stress: modifiable clinical, lifestyle and nutritional factors in male infertility.
TL;DR: DNA fragmentation is an important factor in the aetiology of male infertility, however it is still underevaluated and its inclusion in routine semen analysis is debated, and sources of oxidative stress should be thoroughly examined in men with high levels of DNA fragmentation and modified where possible.
References
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