Journal ArticleDOI
Human–carnivore conflict: ecological and economical sustainability of predation on livestock by snow leopard and other carnivores in the Himalaya
Achyut Aryal,Dianne H. Brunton,Weihong Ji,Rosemary K. Barraclough,David Raubenheimer,David Raubenheimer +5 more
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In this article, the authors explored the interaction between livestock and predators in the upper Mustang region of Nepal in terms of economic and ecological impacts, and suggested four approaches to mitigate human-carnivore conflict in the region: (a) introduce a livestock insurance policy, (b) promote the use of predator-proof livestock corrals and sheds, (c) involve local people in alternative income generating activities, and (d) increase conservation education in these regions.Abstract:
Human communities in the Trans-Himalayan region depend on the dynamics of the agro-pastoral system for survival. Humans, livestock and wild predators share common resources in the region, and this leads to human–wildlife interactions that have the potential to threaten the continued viability of this fragile ecosystem and impact the local economy. This study explored the interaction between livestock and predators in the upper Mustang region of Nepal in terms of economic and ecological impacts. A total of 1,347 km2 of pasture land were grazed by 30,217 livestock belonging to local people from six village development committees. It was found that the seasonal movement patterns of livestock, from higher to lower elevations (closer to villages), coincided with elevation movements of wild ungulate prey and snow leopards into this smaller land area. The number of livestock reported to have been killed by predators during the study period was 706, 75 % of which was attributed to snow leopards. An estimated US$ 44,213 was lost between October 2009 and June 2011 due to livestock predation. These losses of livestock to snow leopards and other carnivores provoked retaliatory killings by villagers, and this in turn may significantly affect the viability of predator populations in this region. We suggest four approaches to mitigate human–carnivore conflict in the region: (a) introduce a livestock insurance policy, (b) promote the use of predator-proof livestock corrals and sheds, (c) involve local people in alternative income generating activities, and (d) increase conservation education in these regions.read more
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Predicting the distributions of predator (snow leopard) and prey (blue sheep) under climate change in the Himalaya
Achyut Aryal,Achyut Aryal,Uttam Babu Shrestha,Weihong Ji,Som B. Ale,Som B. Ale,Sujata Shrestha,Tenzing Ingty,Tek Narayan Maraseni,Geoff Cockfield,David Raubenheimer,David Raubenheimer +11 more
TL;DR: It is predicted that future climate may alter the predator–prey spatial interaction inducing a lower degree of overlap and a higher degree of mismatch between snow leopard and blue sheep niches, which suggests increased energetic costs of finding preferred prey for snow leopards.
Journal ArticleDOI
Impact of wild prey availability on livestock predation by snow leopards
Kulbhushansingh R. Suryawanshi,Stephen M. Redpath,Yash Veer Bhatnagar,Uma Ramakrishnan,Vaibhav Chaturvedi,Sophie Smout,Charudutt Mishra +6 more
TL;DR: It is shown that the extent of livestock predation by the endangered snow leopard Panthera uncia intensifies with increases in the density of wild ungulate prey, and subsequently stabilizes, and the potential benefits of increased wild prey abundance in reducing livestockpredation can be overwhelmed by a resultant increase inSnow leopard populations.
Journal ArticleDOI
Beyond conflict: exploring the spectrum of human–wildlife interactions and their underlying mechanisms
TL;DR: In this paper, a typology of human responses to wildlife impacts, ranging from negative to positive, is proposed to help moderate the disproportionate focus on conflict between humans and wild animals.
Journal ArticleDOI
Human wildlife conflict involving large carnivores in Qilianshan, China and the minimal paw-print of snow leopards
Justine S. Alexander,Pengju Chen,Peter Damerell,Wang Youkui,Joelene Hughes,Kun Shi,Philip Riordan,Philip Riordan +7 more
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors describe the perceived threats posed to humans by the snow leopard and set them within beliefs and attitudes towards other species within the large carnivore assemblage in this region.
Journal ArticleDOI
Shifting paradigms for Nepal’s protected areas: history, challenges and relationships
Babu Ram Bhattarai,Babu Ram Bhattarai,Wendy Wright,Buddi Sagar Poudel,Achyut Aryal,Achyut Aryal,Bhupendra P. Yadav,Radha Wagle +7 more
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors recommend a holistic conflict resolution approach which recognizes and resolves the different needs of all stakeholders in the management of protected areas in Nepal, including land use conflict, poaching and smuggling of wildlife parts and illegal harvesting of highly valued medicinal herbs.
References
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TL;DR: In this paper, the authors argue that the conventional GDP and product accounts, as currently laid out, give a misleading picture of the value of a nation's economic activity to the people concerned.
Journal ArticleDOI
Limiting Depredation by African Carnivores: the Role of Livestock Husbandry
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Human–predator–prey conflicts: ecological correlates, prey losses and patterns of management
TL;DR: In this article, the authors surveyed the current literature for information on ecological and social factors common to human-predator-prey conflicts and examined whether losses to predators and patterns of investment in husbandry could be linked to these factors.
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