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Journal ArticleDOI

ICAR ATRP with ppm Cu Catalyst in Water

TLDR
In this article, a thermoresponsive block copolymer of poly(oligo(ethylene oxide) methyl ether methacrylate)-b-poly(oligosin-2-ylmethyl)amine-based catalyst was synthesized in aqueous media to prepare well-defined macromolecules.
Abstract
Initiators for continuous activator regeneration atom transfer radical polymerization (ICAR ATRP) with ppm amount of Cu catalyst was successfully developed in water. For the first time, Cu catalyst concentrations of 100 ppm and lower were used in aqueous media to prepare well-defined macromolecules. Polymers of oligo(ethylene oxide) methyl ether acrylate were synthesized with low dispersity (Mw/Mn = 1.15–1.28) using 20–100 ppm of an active CuBr/tris(pyridin-2-ylmethyl)amine-based catalyst in the presence of excess bromide anions. This technique was used to synthesize a thermoresponsive block copolymer of poly(oligo(ethylene oxide) methyl ether methacrylate)-b-poly(oligo(ethylene oxide) methyl ether acrylate). The methacrylic block had a lower critical solution temperature (LCST = 77 ± 2 °C) below that of the acrylic block. The hydrodynamic diameter of ca. 10 nm at temperatures below the LCST is consistent with free polymer chains in solution, and the diameter of ca. 30 nm above the LCST is consistent with...

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Citations
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PatentDOI

Electrochemically mediated atom transfer radical polymerization

TL;DR: In this article, the reduction of an ATRP catalyst, C 11 Br 2 /Me 6 TREN, is shown to be an efficient process to mediate and execute an AT RP.
Journal ArticleDOI

Visible Light and Sunlight Photoinduced ATRP with ppm of Cu Catalyst

TL;DR: In this paper, photo-induced ATRP was performed with visible light and sunlight in the presence of parts per million (ppm) copper catalysts, and the reaction mixture yielded polymerization in case of 392 and 450 nm light but not for 631 nm light.
Journal ArticleDOI

Photomediated controlled radical polymerization

TL;DR: A comprehensive overview of the fundamentals and applications of various photomediated CRP techniques, including atom transfer radical polymerization, reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT), nitroxide mediated polymerization (NMP), and other procedures are discussed in this article.
Journal ArticleDOI

Aqueous ARGET ATRP

TL;DR: In this paper, a well-controlled polymerization of oligo(ethylene oxide) methyl ether methacrylate (OEOMA) was conducted with 300 ppm or lower of a copper catalyst and tris(2-pyridylmethyl)amine (TPMA) ligand in the presence of an excess of halide salts.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI

Living free-radical polymerization by reversible addition - Fragmentation chain transfer: The RAFT process

TL;DR: The authors proposed a reversible additive-fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) method for living free-radical polymerization, which can be used with a wide range of monomers and reaction conditions and in each case it provides controlled molecular weight polymers with very narrow polydispersities.
Journal ArticleDOI

Controlled/living radical polymerization: Features, developments, and perspectives

TL;DR: In this article, a review of recent mechanistic developments in the field of controlled/living radical polymerization (CRP) is presented, with particular emphasis on structure-reactivity correlations and "rules" for catalyst selection in ATRP, for chain transfer agent selection in reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) polymerization, and for the selection of an appropriate mediating agent in stable free radical polymerisation (SFRP), including organic and transition metal persistent radicals.
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