Journal ArticleDOI
Identification of the cellular receptor for anthrax toxin.
Kenneth A. Bradley,Jeremy Mogridge,Jeremy Mogridge,Michael Mourez,Robert J. Collier,John A. Young +5 more
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TLDR
The cloning of the human PA receptor is described using a genetic complementation approach and a soluble version of this domain can protect cells from the action of the toxin.Abstract:
The tripartite toxin secreted by Bacillus anthracis, the causative agent of anthrax, helps the bacterium evade the immune system and can kill the host during a systemic infection. Two components of the toxin enzymatically modify substrates within the cytosol of mammalian cells: oedema factor (OF) is an adenylate cyclase that impairs host defences through a variety of mechanisms including inhibiting phagocytosis; lethal factor (LF) is a zinc-dependent protease that cleaves mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase and causes lysis of macrophages. Protective antigen (PA), the third component, binds to a cellular receptor and mediates delivery of the enzymatic components to the cytosol. Here we describe the cloning of the human PA receptor using a genetic complementation approach. The receptor, termed ATR (anthrax toxin receptor), is a type I membrane protein with an extracellular von Willebrand factor A domain that binds directly to PA. In addition, a soluble version of this domain can protect cells from the action of the toxin.read more
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
Patent prospects toward therapeutics and diagnostics of anthrax.
TL;DR: The potential anthrax therapeutic, prophylactic measures and diagnostic applications based on recent patents' prospects are discussed and may potentially supplement antimicrobials being investigated.
Journal ArticleDOI
Immediate and sensitive detection of sporulated Bacillus subtilis by microwave release and tandem mass spectrometry of dipicolinic acid.
TL;DR: In this article, the spore lysis of Bacillus species is achieved by brief (1 min) microwave irradiation while tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS) allows identification of the characteristic spore marker, dipicolinic acid.
Dissertation
Effets des toxines de Bacillus anthracis sur le cytosquelette des cellules immunitaires : implication sur la phagocytose et les fonctions immunitaires
TL;DR: In this paper, le cytosquelette d'actine participe activement aux fonctions de phagocytose et de migration des macrophages and des cellules dendritiques in vitro.
Anthrax lethal toxin unfolding and translocation via a charge-state ratchet
TL;DR: This model suggests a mechanism wherein helix melting, coupled to the electrostatic ratchet, drives translocation-coupled substrate unfolding, and identifies key residues in the upper portion of the channel's β barrel that contribute to its cation selectivity.
Journal ArticleDOI
Bacterial toxins and small molecules elucidate endosomal trafficking.
TL;DR: A novel small molecule inhibitor of bacterial toxins and virus trafficking through the endocytic pathway, 4-bromobenzaldehyde N-(2,6-dimethylphenyl)semicarbazone (EGA), that prevents transport from early to late endosomes.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
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