Journal ArticleDOI
Immune activation and degradation of tryptophan in coronary heart disease.
Barbara Wirleitner,Vera Rudzite,Gabriele Neurauter,Christian Murr,Uldis Kalnins,Andrejs Erglis,Karlis Trusinskis,Dietmar Fuchs +7 more
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TLDR
Background Inflammation and immune activation appear to be important in the pathogenesis of coronary heart disease (CHD), and immune stimulation is commonly associated with an increased kynurenine to tryptophan ratio (kyn trp−1) indicative for activated indoleamine (2,3)‐dioxygenase and a measurable decline of tryPTophan.Abstract:
Background Inflammation and immune activation appear to be important in the pathogenesis of coronary heart disease (CHD). Cytokine interferon-γ, which is released during cell-mediated immune responses, induces indoleamine (2,3)-dioxygenase (IDO), an enzyme degrading tryptophan to kynurenine. Therefore, immune stimulation is commonly associated with an increased kynurenine to tryptophan ratio (kyn trp−1) indicative for activated indoleamine (2,3)-dioxygenase and a measurable decline of tryptophan.
Methods Blood concentrations of kynurenine and free tryptophan and the kynurenine to tryptophan ratio were examined in 35 patients with coronary heart disease verified by coronary angiography and compared with healthy controls. Patients were observed before percutaneus transluminal coronary angioplasty (21 patients: one with artery disease, nine with 2- or 3-artery disease, and five with restenosis).
Results and conclusions Decreased tryptophan concentrations were found in a significant proportion of coronary heart disease patients and coincided with increased kyn trp−1 and also with increased neopterin concentrations, indicating an activated cellular immune response. We conclude that in coronary heart disease immune activation is associated with an increased rate of tryptophan degradation and thereby lowered tryptophan levels. Results may provide a basis for a better understanding of the pathogenesis of mood disturbances and depression in coronary heart disease patients.read more
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
Inhibition of Allogeneic T Cell Proliferation by Indoleamine 2,3-Dioxygenase–expressing Dendritic Cells Mediation of Suppression by Tryptophan Metabolites
TL;DR: Light is shed on suppressive mechanisms mediated by DCs and an explanation for important biological processes in which IDO activity apparently is increased is provided, such as protection of the fetus from rejection during pregnancy and possibly T cell death in HIV-infected patients.
Journal ArticleDOI
Kynurenine Pathway Metabolites in Humans: Disease and Healthy States:
Yiquan Chen,Gilles J. Guillemin +1 more
TL;DR: This review compiles most of the studies and provides an overview of how the kynurenine pathway might be contributing to disease development, and the concentrations of tryptophan and kynuranines in the serum, cerebrospinal fluid and brain tissues in control and patient subjects.
Journal ArticleDOI
Monitoring tryptophan metabolism in chronic immune activation.
TL;DR: Monitoring tryptophan metabolism in chronic immunopathology provides a better understanding of the association between immune activation and IDO and its role in the development of immunodeficiency, anemia and mood disorders.
Journal ArticleDOI
Depression and Cardiac Disease: Epidemiology, Mechanisms, and Diagnosis
TL;DR: The literature on epidemiology, phenomenology, comorbid conditions, and risk factors for depression in cardiac disease, as well as the associations between depression and cardiac outcomes, are reviewed.
Journal ArticleDOI
Induction of IDO by bacille Calmette-Guérin is responsible for development of murine depressive-like behavior.
Jason C. O'Connor,Marcus A. Lawson,Caroline André,Eileen M. Briley,Sandra S. Szegedi,Jacques Lestage,Nathalie Castanon,Miles Herkenham,Robert Dantzer,Keith W. Kelley +9 more
TL;DR: These results are the first to prove that the BCG-induced persistent activation of IDO is accompanied by the induction of 3-hydroxyanthranilic acid oxygenase and thatIDO is required as an initial step for the subsequent development of chronic depressive-like behavior.
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TL;DR: It is shown that monocytes that have differentiated under the influence of macrophage colony-stimulating factor acquire the ability to suppress T cell proliferation in vitro via rapid and selective degradation of tryptophan by IDO.
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