Immunogenicity in animals of a polysaccharide-protein conjugate vaccine against type III group B Streptococcus.
Michael R. Wessels,Lawrence C. Paoletti,Dennis L. Kasper,J L DiFabio,F Michon,K Holme,Harold J. Jennings +6 more
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TLDR
The results suggest that this method of conjugation to a carrier protein may be a useful strategy to improve the immunogenicity of the type III group B Streptococcus polysaccharide in human subjects.Abstract:
The native capsular polysaccharide of type III group B Streptococcus elicits a specific antibody response in only 60% of nonimmune human subjects. To enhance the immunogenicity of this polysaccharide, we coupled the type III polysaccharide to tetanus toxoid. Prior to coupling, aldehyde groups were introduced on the polysaccharide by controlled periodate oxidation, resulting in the conversion of 25% of the sialic acid residues of the polysaccharide to residues of the 8-carbon analogue of sialic acid, 5-acetamido-3,5-dideoxy-D-galactosyloctulosonic acid. Tetanus toxoid was conjugated to the polysaccharide by reductive amination, via the free aldehyde groups present on the partially oxidized sialic acid residues. Rabbits vaccinated with the conjugate vaccine produced IgG antibodies that reacted with the native type III group B streptococcal polysaccharide (3/3 rabbits), while rabbits immunized with the unconjugated type III polysaccharide failed to respond (0/3 rabbits). Sera from animals receiving conjugate vaccine opsonized type III group B streptococci for phagocytic killing by human peripheral blood leukocytes, and protected mice against lethal challenge with live type III group B streptococci. The results suggest that this method of conjugation to a carrier protein may be a useful strategy to improve the immunogenicity of the type III group B Streptococcus polysaccharide in human subjects.read more
Citations
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A Critical Role of Natural Immunoglobulin M in Immediate Defense Against Systemic Bacterial Infection
TL;DR: A critical role of natural IgM in the immediate defense against severe bacterial infection is demonstrated and reconstitution with a monoclonal IgM specific to phosphatidylcholine, a conserved cell membrane component, has a modest effect.
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Studies of group B streptococcal infection in mice deficient in complement component C3 or C4 demonstrate an essential role for complement in both innate and acquired immunity
TL;DR: Results indicate that the alternative pathway is sufficient to mediate effective opsonophagocytosis and protective immunity to GBS in the presence of specific antibody, and implies that the classical pathway plays an essential role in host defense against GBS infection in the absence of specific immunity.
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A Population-Based Assessment of Invasive Disease Due to Group B Streptococcus in Nonpregnant Adults
Monica M. Farley,R C Harvey,T. Stull,J.D. Smith,Anne Schuchat,Jay D. Wenger,David S. Stephens +6 more
TL;DR: Invasive group B streptococcal infection is a major problem not only in pregnant women and neonates but also in nonpregnant adults, especially those who are elderly and those who have chronic diseases.
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Molecular mimicry of host sialylated glycans allows a bacterial pathogen to engage neutrophil Siglec-9 and dampen the innate immune response
TL;DR: GBS can impair neutrophil defense functions by coopting a host inhibitory receptor via sialoglycan molecular mimicry, a novel mechanism of bacterial immune evasion.
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Group B Streptococcus : global incidence and vaccine development
Atul Kumar Johri,Lawrence C. Paoletti,Philippe Glaser,Meenakshi Dua,Puja Kumari Sharma,Guido Grandi,Rino Rappuoli +6 more
TL;DR: This Review describes a template that can be followed to develop vaccines against other bacterial pathogens and highlights efforts to identify GBS antigens that overcome serotype-specificity.
References
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Journal Article
Long-Term Outcome of Group B Streptococcal Meningitis
TL;DR: Evaluated children who had GBS appeared to be functioning normally or comparably to their sibling in all respects, and there was no apparent relationship between outcome and age at onset, birthweight or CSF pleocytosis.
Journal ArticleDOI
Long-term outcome of group b streptococcal meningitis
TL;DR: In this article, the authors evaluated the neurologic, psychologic, and academic status of children who had Group B Streptococcus (GBS) meningitis and found no apparent relationship between outcome and age at onset, birthweight or CSF pleocytosis.
Journal ArticleDOI
A model of high-affinity antibody binding to type III group B Streptococcus capsular polysaccharide.
TL;DR: Analysis of the saturation binding experiment indicated a difference of 300-fold in antibody-binding affinity for the largest versus the smallest tested oligosaccharides, compatible with a model in which binding of an immunoglobulin molecule to an antigenic site on the polysaccharide facilitates subsequent binding of antibody to that antigen.
Journal ArticleDOI
Immunochemical analysis and immunogenicity of the type II group B streptococcal capsular polysaccharide.
TL;DR: Despite the cross-reactions observed between type-specific antigens and antibody prepared by immunization of rabbits with whole bacteria, which suggest shared immunodeterminants, similar cross- reactions were not detected in human sera after immunization with purified type II polysaccharide.
Journal ArticleDOI
Quantitative Determination in Human Sera of Vaccine-Induced Antibody to Type-Specific Polysaccharides of Group B Streptococci Using an Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay
TL;DR: The isotype of the antibody raised in the sera of immunized volunteers was primarily IgG, thus confirming the potential utility of vaccination against group B streptococci using polysaccharide vaccines to induce antibodies which will cross the human placenta.
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