Impact of reduced anthropogenic emissions during COVID-19 on air quality in India
Mengyuan Zhang,Arpit Katiyar,Shengqiang Zhu,Juanyong Shen,Men Xia,Jinlong Ma,Sri Harsha Kota,Peng Wang,Hongliang Zhang +8 more
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TLDR
In this article, the authors used the Community Multi-Scale Air Quality (CMAQ) model to estimate the changes of key air pollutants and found that during lockdown periods, significant reductions of PM 2.5 concentration and its major components were predicted, especially for secondary inorganic aerosols that are up to 92, 57, and 79% for nitrate (NO 3 - ), sulfate (SO 4 2 - ), and ammonium(NH 4 + ), respectively.Abstract:
. To mitigate the impacts of the pandemic of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), the Indian government implemented lockdown measures on 24 March 2020, which prohibited unnecessary anthropogenic activities, thus leading to a significant reduction in emissions. To investigate the impacts of this lockdown measure on air quality in India, we used the Community Multi-Scale Air Quality (CMAQ) model to estimate the changes of key air pollutants. From pre-lockdown to lockdown periods, improved air quality is observed in India, indicated by the lower key pollutant levels such as PM 2.5 ( − 26 %), maximum daily 8 h average ozone (MDA8 O 3 ) ( − 11 %), NO 2 ( − 50 %), and SO 2 ( − 14 %). In addition, changes in these pollutants show distinct spatial variations with the more important decrease in northern and western India. During the lockdown, our results illustrate that such emission reductions play a positive role in the improvement of air quality. Significant reductions of PM 2.5 concentration and its major components are predicted, especially for secondary inorganic aerosols that are up to 92 %, 57 %, and
79 % for nitrate (NO 3 - ), sulfate (SO 4 2 - ), and ammonium
(NH 4 + ), respectively. On average, the MDA8 O 3 also decreases
15 % during the lockdown period although it increases slightly in some VOC-limited urban locations, which is mainly due to the more significant reduction of NO x than VOCs. More aggressive and localized emission control strategies should be implemented in India to mitigate air pollution in the future.read more
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Diagnosing air quality changes in the UK during the COVID-19 lockdown using TROPOMI and GEOS-Chem
Daniel Potts,Eloise A. Marais,Hartmut Boesch,Richard J. Pope,James D. Lee,Will Drysdale,Martyn P. Chipperfield,Brian Kerridge,Richard Siddans,David Moore,John Remedios +10 more
TL;DR: In this article, the authors combine satellite observations of tropospheric NO2 from TROPOMI and the GEOS-Chem 3D chemical transport model to estimate that NOx emissions declined nationwide by ~20% during lockdown (23 March to 31 May 2020).
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Impacts of COVID-19 on air quality in mid-eastern China: An insight into meteorology and emissions.
TL;DR: In this paper, a weather research and forecasting model coupled with chemistry was applied to evaluate the impact of meteorology and emissions on air quality during the COVID-19 outbreak (from January 23 to February 29, 2020) in mid-eastern China.
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Evolution of organic carbon during COVID-19 lockdown period: Possible contribution of nocturnal chemistry
TL;DR: In this article , the authors measured carbonaceous aerosols in Shijiazhuang and Beijing using the OC/EC analyzer from December 1, 2019 to March 15, 2020, which covered the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic.
Journal ArticleDOI
Temporal characteristics and spatial heterogeneity of air quality changes due to the COVID-19 lockdown in China
Jing Zeng,Can Wang +1 more
TL;DR: In this paper , the impact of lockdown measures on air quality during the COVID-19 pandemic in China was evaluated, focusing on the temporal characteristics and spatial heterogeneity of the impact across all 337 prefecture cities.
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Radiative effects of reduced aerosol emissions during the COVID-19 pandemic and the future recovery.
TL;DR: In this article, the authors performed new simulations with the CMIP6 global climate model EC-Earth3 to estimate the associated change in the aerosol radiative forcing at the top of the atmosphere and the surface.
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Alex Guenther,X. Jiang,Colette L. Heald,Tanarit Sakulyanontvittaya,T. Duhl,Louisa K. Emmons,Xuemei Wang +6 more
TL;DR: The Model of Emissions of Gases and Aerosols from Nature version 2.1 (MEGAN2.1) as mentioned in this paper is an update from the previous versions including MEGAN1.0, which was described for isoprene emissions by Guenther et al. (2006) and MEGan2.02, which were described for monoterpene and sesquiterpene emissions by Sakulyanontvittaya et al (2008).
Journal ArticleDOI
Review of the Governing Equations, Computational Algorithms, and Other Components of the Models-3 Community Multiscale Air Quality (CMAQ) Modeling System
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