Improved method of screening for aflatoxin with a coconut agar medium
TLDR
Nine isolates of Aspergillus flavus and As pergillus parasiticus were screened for aflatoxin production on a coconut extract agar medium and several types of shredded coconut available in the United States were found to be satisfactory.Abstract:
Nine isolates of Aspergillus flavus and Aspergillus parasiticus were screened for aflatoxin production on a coconut extract agar medium. Aflatoxin-producing colonies were detected under long-wave UV light (365 nm) by blue fluorescence on the reverse side after 2 to 5 days of growth. Aflatoxin production was verified by chemical analysis. Several types of shredded coconut available in the United States were tested and found to be satisfactory. No additives were required. Various parameters affecting the test were investigated.read more
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
Enzymology and Molecular Biology of Aflatoxin Biosynthesis.
Journal ArticleDOI
Cloning of the afl-2 gene involved in aflatoxin biosynthesis from Aspergillus flavus.
TL;DR: Genetic evidence obtained from a double mutant showed that afl-2 is involved in aflatoxin biosynthesis before the formation of norsolorinic acid, the first stable intermediate identified in the pathway, and metabolite feeding studies with the mutant, transformed, and wild-type cultures and enzymatic activity measurements in cell extracts of these cultures suggest that aFl-2 regulates gene expression or the activity of other a flatoxin pathway enzymes.
Journal ArticleDOI
Cloning of the Aspergillus parasiticus apa-2 gene associated with the regulation of aflatoxin biosynthesis.
Perng-Kuang Chang,Jeffrey W. Cary,Deepak Bhatnagar,T. E. Cleveland,Joan W. Bennett,John E. Linz,C. P. Woloshuk,Gary A. Payne +7 more
TL;DR: An Aspergillus parasiticus gene, designated apa-2, was identified as a regulatory gene associated with aflatoxin biosynthesis and was found to complement an A. flavus afl-2 mutant strain for a flatoxin production, suggesting that apA-2 is functionally homologous to aFL-2.
Journal ArticleDOI
Isolation and characterization of a gene from Aspergillus parasiticus associated with the conversion of versicolorin A to sterigmatocystin in aflatoxin biosynthesis.
TL;DR: DNA isolated from the wild-type aflatoxin-producing fungus Aspergillus parasiticus NRRL 5862 was used to construct a cosmid genomic DNA library employing the homologous gene (pyrG) encoding orotidine monophosphate decarboxylase for selection of fungal transformants, revealing striking similarity with Streptomyces ketoreductases involved in polyketide biosynthesis.
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A polyphasic approach to the identification of aflatoxigenic and non-aflatoxigenic strains of Aspergillus Section Flavi isolated from Portuguese almonds.
TL;DR: A polyphasic approach consisting of morphological, chemical and molecular characterization was applied to 31 isolates of Aspergillus Section Flavi originating from Portuguese almonds, with the aim of characterizing and identifying aflatoxigenic and non-aflatoxinigenic strains.
References
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The Association of Official Analytical Chemists
TL;DR: In this paper, the Association of Official Analytical Chemists (AOA) published a survey of the state-of-the-art methods and their application in clinical toxicology, including the following:
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Production of aflatoxins B1 and G1 by Aspergillus flavus in a semisynthetic medium.
TL;DR: The maximal amount of toxin was produced by ATCC culture 15548 in 1-liter flasks containing 100 ml of medium incubated as stationary cultures for 6 days at 25 C.
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A Coconut-Agar Medium for Rapid Detection of Aflatoxin Production by Aspergillus spp.
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Aflatoxin-producing strains of Aspergillus flavus detected by fluorescence of agar medium under ultraviolet light.
TL;DR: The fluorescence method of detecting aflatoxin-producing strains of Aspergillus flavus and related species utilizes the ultraviolet-induced fluorescence of a Flatoxin produced in a modified Czapek's solution agar containing corn steep liquor instead of NaNO(3).