Journal ArticleDOI
Improvement of the wear resistance of 316L stainless steel by laser surface alloying
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In this article, the sliding wear resistance of stainless steel components, carbide-hardened surfaces were produced on AISI 316L austenitic stainless steel by laser surface alloying.Abstract:
In order to improve the sliding wear resistance of stainless steel components, carbide-hardened surfaces were produced on AISI 316L austenitic stainless steel by laser surface alloying. Different powdered precursors (Cr3C2, a mixture of Cr3C2 and Cr and a mixture of Ti and SiC) were applied to the steel surface and irradiated using a continuous wave, 300 W, Nd-YAG laser. The surface alloys resulting from the incorporation of Cr3C2 alone or mixed with chromium were composed of austenite (y) dendrites surrounded by a γ-M7C3 eutectic (M≡Fe or Cr); their microhardness ranged from 380 to 450 HV. Superficial hardening by titanium carbide was obtained using a mixture of Ti and SiC powders as precursors; Ti and SiC particles dissolved in the melted pool, leading to the precipitation of fine TiC particles during solidification. The microhardness of the surface alloy was about 350 HV. For both chromium carbide and titanium carbide surface alloying treatments, the processing conditions were determined which led to a noticeable improvement of the sliding wear resistance of AISI 316L stainless steel without any detrimental effect on its high temperature oxidation resistance.read more
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Recent developments in stainless steels
Abstract: This article presents an overview of the developments in stainless steels made since the 1990s. Some of the new applications that involve the use of stainless steel are also introduced. A brief introduction to the various classes of stainless steels, their precipitate phases and the status quo of their production around the globe is given first. The advances in a variety of subject areas that have been made recently will then be presented. These recent advances include (1) new findings on the various precipitate phases (the new J phase, new orientation relationships, new phase diagram for the Fe–Cr system, etc.); (2) new suggestions for the prevention/mitigation of the different problems and new methods for their detection/measurement and (3) new techniques for surface/bulk property enhancement (such as laser shot peening, grain boundary engineering and grain refinement). Recent developments in topics like phase prediction, stacking fault energy, superplasticity, metadynamic recrystallisation and the calculation of mechanical properties are introduced, too. In the end of this article, several new applications that involve the use of stainless steels are presented. Some of these are the use of austenitic stainless steels for signature authentication (magnetic recording), the utilisation of the cryogenic magnetic transition of the sigma phase for hot spot detection (the Sigmaplugs), the new Pt-enhanced radiopaque stainless steel (PERSS) coronary stents and stainless steel stents that may be used for magnetic drug targeting. Besides recent developments in conventional stainless steels, those in the high-nitrogen, low-Ni (or Ni-free) varieties are also introduced. These recent developments include new methods for attaining very high nitrogen contents, new guidelines for alloy design, the merits/demerits associated with high nitrogen contents, etc.
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Surface integrity in material removal processes: Recent advances
I.S. Jawahir,Ekkard Brinksmeier,Rachid M'Saoubi,David K. Aspinwall,José Outeiro,Daniel Meyer,Domenico Umbrello,A. D. Jayal +7 more
TL;DR: A three-year study by the CIRP's Collaborative Working Group on Surface Integrity and Functional Performance of Components as discussed by the authors reported recent progress in experimental and theoretical investigations on surface integrity in material removal processes.
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References
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Journal ArticleDOI
Solidification processing and tribological behavior of particulate TiC-Ferrous Matrix composites
Theo Z. Kattamis,T. Suganuma +1 more
TL;DR: In this paper, the microstructure of composites processed by precipitating titanium carbide powder in a steel or cast iron melt was controlled by controlling the original melt composition, volume fraction and particle size added, mixing temperature and time, and cooling rate.
Journal ArticleDOI
Particulate-TiC-hardened steel surfaces by laser melt injection
J.D. Ayers,T.R. Tucker +1 more
TL;DR: In this paper, the surface layer consists of the hard relatively coarse (a cross section of the order of 100 μm) injected particles in a soft matrix, which contribute to the hardening of the surface.
Book
Materials for Tribology
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors present a detailed discussion of the properties of bearing materials and their properties in the context of textiles and textiles, including the following: 1. Alloy selection and design. 2. Alloy properties.
Journal ArticleDOI
Chromium carbide laser-beam surface-alloying treatment on stainless steel
T. H. Kim,B. C. Kim +1 more
TL;DR: In this paper, a chromium carbide surface-alloying treatment was carried out on a 12 % Cr stainless steel using a CO2 laser to improve the resistance to wear, oxidation and corrosion of a stainless steel die.