Ketamine for the treatment of (super) refractory status epilepticus? Not quite yet
TLDR
There is a race against time to diagnose the seizures and to treat them effectively before they become refractory to treatment, and management of RSE/SRSE is far from the standards of evidencedbased medicine owing to the lack of controlled, randomized blinded clinical trials.Abstract:
Status epilepticus (SE) is the most severe form of epileptic disorder. The International League Against Epilepsy (ILAE) considers that, depending on the type of SE, the duration of seizures used to...read more
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
Ketamine for Refractory Status Epilepticus: A Systematic Review
TL;DR: Although ketamine has proven to be effective in treating refractory status epilepticus, available studies are hampered by methodological limitations that prevent any firm conclusion and further clinical trials will hopefully confirm the better efficacy and safety profile of ketamine compared with conventional anaesthetics.
Journal ArticleDOI
S(+)-ketamine : Current trends in emergency and intensive care medicine.
Helmut Trimmel,Raimund Helbok,Thomas Staudinger,W. Jaksch,B. Messerer,Herbert Schöchl,Rudolf Likar +6 more
TL;DR: The numerous effects of S(+)-ketamine are discussed under pharmacological and clinical aspects especially for typical indications in emergency medicine as well as intensive care.
Journal ArticleDOI
A Review of Nonanesthetic Uses of Ketamine.
TL;DR: It can be concluded that ketamine has a potential role in the treatment of all of these conditions, however, research in this area is still in its early stages, and larger studies are required to evaluate ketamine's efficacy for nonanesthetic purposes in the general population.
Journal ArticleDOI
Novel drugs and early polypharmacotherapy in status epilepticus.
TL;DR: Although many preclinical studies support novel drugs and early polytherapy in SE, human studies are scarce and inconclusive, evidence is lacking to recommend specific combinations of these new agents.
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Ketamine as adjunct to midazolam treatment following soman-induced status epilepticus reduces seizure severity, epileptogenesis, and brain pathology in plasma carboxylesterase knockout mice.
Brenda Marrero-Rosado,Marcio de Araujo Furtado,Erica Kundrick,Katie Walker,Michael F. Stone,Caroline R. Schultz,Donna A. Nguyen,Lucille A. Lumley +7 more
TL;DR: Ketamine may be a beneficial adjunct to midazolam in reducing the epileptogenesis and neuroanatomical damage that follows nerve agent exposure and pharmacoresistant SE, and combination of antiepileptic drug therapies aimed at correcting the maladaptive GABAA and NMDA receptor trafficking reduces the detrimental effects of GD exposure.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
A Definition and Classification of Status epilepticus--Report of the ILAE Task Force on Classification of Status Epilepticus
Eugen Trinka,Hannah R. Cock,Dale C. Hesdorffer,Andrea O. Rossetti,Ingrid E. Scheffer,Shlomo Shinnar,Simon Shorvon,Daniel H. Lowenstein +7 more
TL;DR: A new diagnostic classification system of SE is proposed, which will provide a framework for clinical diagnosis, investigation, and therapeutic approaches for each patient, and it is proposed that this system should be divided into subcategories of known and unknown causes.
Journal ArticleDOI
Intravenous ketamine for the treatment of refractory status epilepticus: A retrospective multicenter study
Nicolas Gaspard,Brandon Foreman,Lilith L.M. Judd,James Nicholas Brenton,Barnett R. Nathan,Bláthnaid McCoy,Ali Al-Otaibi,Ronan Kilbride,Iván Sánchez Fernández,Lucy Mendoza,Sophie Samuel,Asma Zakaria,Giridhar P. Kalamangalam,Benjamin Legros,Jerzy P. Szaflarski,Tobias Loddenkemper,Cecil D. Hahn,Howard P. Goodkin,Jan Claassen,Lawrence J. Hirsch,Suzette M. LaRoche +20 more
TL;DR: To examine patterns of use, efficacy, and safety of intravenous ketamine for the treatment of refractory status epilepticus (RSE).
Journal ArticleDOI
Mortality after a first episode of status epilepticus in the United States and Europe.
Giancarlo Logroscino,Dale C. Hesdorffer,Gregory D. Cascino,W. Allen Hauser,Alessandra Coeytaux,Bruna Galobardes,Alfredo Morabia,Pierre Jallon +7 more
TL;DR: The aim of this review is to summarize the available information on the epidemiology of SE and to outline the sources of the variability in reported mortality after SE.
Journal ArticleDOI
Ketamine and peripheral inflammation.
TL;DR: Ketamine appears as a unique “homeostatic regulator” of the acute inflammatory reaction and the stress‐induced immune disturbances and is of some interest at a moment when the short‐ and long‐term deleterious consequences of inadequate inflammatory reactions are increasingly reported.
Journal ArticleDOI
Ketamine for the treatment of refractory status epilepticus
Yao Fang,Xuefeng Wang +1 more
TL;DR: The conclusion is drawn that ketamine appears to be effective and relatively safe for the control of multidrug-resistant RSE in children and adults.