Journal ArticleDOI
Kinetics of swelling of gels
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TLDR
In this article, a theory of the kinetics of the swelling of polyacrylamide gels is presented, which is based on the assumption that the swelling time is determined by the diffusion coefficient of the fluid molecules.Abstract:
We present a theory of the kinetics of the swelling of a gel. The characteristic time of swelling is proportional to the square of a linear dimension of the gel and is also proportional to the diffusion coefficient of the gel network, which is defined as D=E/f where E is the longitudinal bulk modulus of the network, and f is the coefficient of friction between the network and the gel fluid. This constitutes an essential difference between the present theory and the previous theory which is based on the assumption that the swelling time is determined by the diffusion coefficient of the fluid molecules. Experimental data are shown for spheres of 5% polyacrylamide gels and are analyzed using the present theory. The value of the diffusion coefficient obtained from the macroscopic swelling experiments shows excellent agreement with that obtained microscopically using laser light scattering spectroscopy.read more
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A polyion complex nanogel
Masafumi Takeo,Takeshi Mori,Takuro Niidome,Shin-ichi Sawada,Kazunari Akiyoshi,Yoshiki Katayama +5 more
TL;DR: Results indicated that the conversion of the small amount of physical crosslinks to covalent crosslinks stabilized the other salt bridges.
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Trifunctionally cross-linked liquid single crystal elastomers : Swelling dynamics and electromechanical effects
TL;DR: In this article, the influence of cross-linking density, X, on the swelling, thermal and electric field response of trifunctionally cross-linked liquid single crystal elastomers (V3 LSCEs) swollen with low molecular weight liquid crystals, 4n-pentyl-4-cyanobiphenyl (5CB).
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Smart soft photonic dressing toward fast drug release and visualized self-monitoring.
TL;DR: A novel materials is presented, which combines the soft particles and polyacrylamide-co-polyurethane acrylate for the first time, the generation of multifunctional material based on soft photonic crystals with tunable structure color and drug delivery capability is reported.
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Concurrent reaction and diffusion in photo-responsive hydrogels
Chen Xuan,Lihua Jin +1 more
TL;DR: In this paper, the constitutive behavior of photo-responsive hydrogels based on non-equilibrium thermodynamics has been described and a theoretical framework has been established to predict the spatiotemporal response of photosensitive hydrogel under light and in the dark.
Journal ArticleDOI
Water flow in poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) gels.
TL;DR: The results suggested that the assumption that the gel is a bundle of microcapillaries was applicable to the water flow through the hydrogel, which was largely deformed not only by the pressure applied to the solvent but also by the shrinking force caused by the temperature increment.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
Statistical-Mechanical Theory of Irreversible Processes : I. General Theory and Simple Applications to Magnetic and Conduction Problems
TL;DR: In this paper, a general type of fluctuation-dissipation theorem is discussed to show that the physical quantities such as complex susceptibility of magnetic or electric polarization and complex conductivity for electric conduction are rigorously expressed in terms of timefluctuation of dynamical variables associated with such irreversible processes.
Journal ArticleDOI
Spectrum of light scattered from a viscoelastic gel
TL;DR: In this paper, the spectrum of light scattered from thermally excited displacement fluctuations in polyacrylamide gels was measured using optical mixing spectroscopy, and the correlation function for the displacements having wave vector q is predicted for these gels to have the form of an exponential decay: exp(− Γt).
Journal ArticleDOI
An Introduction to the Theory of Elasticity
P. G. Appleby,R. J. Atkin,N. Fox +2 more