Journal ArticleDOI
Kinetics of swelling of gels
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TLDR
In this article, a theory of the kinetics of the swelling of polyacrylamide gels is presented, which is based on the assumption that the swelling time is determined by the diffusion coefficient of the fluid molecules.Abstract:
We present a theory of the kinetics of the swelling of a gel. The characteristic time of swelling is proportional to the square of a linear dimension of the gel and is also proportional to the diffusion coefficient of the gel network, which is defined as D=E/f where E is the longitudinal bulk modulus of the network, and f is the coefficient of friction between the network and the gel fluid. This constitutes an essential difference between the present theory and the previous theory which is based on the assumption that the swelling time is determined by the diffusion coefficient of the fluid molecules. Experimental data are shown for spheres of 5% polyacrylamide gels and are analyzed using the present theory. The value of the diffusion coefficient obtained from the macroscopic swelling experiments shows excellent agreement with that obtained microscopically using laser light scattering spectroscopy.read more
Citations
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Continuous fabrication of near-infrared light responsive bilayer hydrogel fibers based on microfluidic spinning
TL;DR: In this article, continuous bilayer hydrogel fibers in which one layer is calcium alginate and the other is linear poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) (PNIPAM)/calcium alginates/graphene oxide (GO) semi-interpenetrating hydrogels were prepared based on microfluidic spinning method.
Journal ArticleDOI
Mapping the Local Osmotic Modulus of Polymer Gels
Ferenc Horkay,David C. Lin +1 more
TL;DR: It has been found that the elastic modulus of the gels exhibits simple scaling behavior as a function of the polymer concentration in each solvent mixture over the entire concentration range investigated, and the latter sensitively reflects the changes both in the topography and thermodynamic interactions occurring in the course of volume phase transition.
Journal ArticleDOI
Swelling properties and kinetics of CaCl2/polyacrylamide hygroscopic hybrid hydrogels
TL;DR: In this article, the hygroscopic swelling properties and kinetics of CaCl2/polyacrylamide hybrid gels were investigated, and the results showed that the hyglocopic swelling degree increased with the increment of relative humidity.
Journal ArticleDOI
Enhancing and Tuning the Response of Environmentally Sensitive Hydrogels With Embedded and Interconnected Pore Networks
Teodora Gancheva,Nick Virgilio +1 more
TL;DR: Porous and temperature-sensitive poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) (PNIPAam) hydrogels with tunable and enhanced response properties were prepared by using porous poly(e-caprolactone) (PCL) molds as mentioned in this paper.
Journal ArticleDOI
Mechanical behavior of multi-cellular spheroids under osmotic compression
Monika E. Dolega,Giuseppe Zurlo,M. Le Goff,M. Greda,Claude Verdier,Jean-François Joanny,Jean-François Joanny,Giovanni Cappello,Pierre Recho +8 more
TL;DR: In this article, the authors used multicellular spheroids, a composite material made of cells, extracellular matrix and permeating fluid, as a proxy of an avascular early state tumor.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
Statistical-Mechanical Theory of Irreversible Processes : I. General Theory and Simple Applications to Magnetic and Conduction Problems
TL;DR: In this paper, a general type of fluctuation-dissipation theorem is discussed to show that the physical quantities such as complex susceptibility of magnetic or electric polarization and complex conductivity for electric conduction are rigorously expressed in terms of timefluctuation of dynamical variables associated with such irreversible processes.
Journal ArticleDOI
Spectrum of light scattered from a viscoelastic gel
TL;DR: In this paper, the spectrum of light scattered from thermally excited displacement fluctuations in polyacrylamide gels was measured using optical mixing spectroscopy, and the correlation function for the displacements having wave vector q is predicted for these gels to have the form of an exponential decay: exp(− Γt).
Journal ArticleDOI
An Introduction to the Theory of Elasticity
P. G. Appleby,R. J. Atkin,N. Fox +2 more