Journal ArticleDOI
Kinetics of swelling of gels
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TLDR
In this article, a theory of the kinetics of the swelling of polyacrylamide gels is presented, which is based on the assumption that the swelling time is determined by the diffusion coefficient of the fluid molecules.Abstract:
We present a theory of the kinetics of the swelling of a gel. The characteristic time of swelling is proportional to the square of a linear dimension of the gel and is also proportional to the diffusion coefficient of the gel network, which is defined as D=E/f where E is the longitudinal bulk modulus of the network, and f is the coefficient of friction between the network and the gel fluid. This constitutes an essential difference between the present theory and the previous theory which is based on the assumption that the swelling time is determined by the diffusion coefficient of the fluid molecules. Experimental data are shown for spheres of 5% polyacrylamide gels and are analyzed using the present theory. The value of the diffusion coefficient obtained from the macroscopic swelling experiments shows excellent agreement with that obtained microscopically using laser light scattering spectroscopy.read more
Citations
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Nano-structured smart hydrogels with rapid response and high elasticity
TL;DR: The synthesis of smart hydrogels which are rapidly responsive, highly swellable and stretchable, by constructing a nano-structured architecture with activated nanogels as nano-crosslinkers, may expand the scope of hydrogel applications, and provide enhanced performance in their applications.
Journal ArticleDOI
Kinetics of swelling and shrinking of gels
Yong Li,Toyoichi Tanaka +1 more
TL;DR: In this paper, a new relation, in addition to the differential equation developed by Tanaka and Fillmore, is formulated to solve the kinetics of gels having arbitrary shape and provided explicit solutions for long cylinder and large disk gels.
Journal ArticleDOI
Stimuli-responsive hydrogel thin films
Ihor Tokarev,Sergiy Minko +1 more
TL;DR: In this article, the authors present a review of recent publications on the synthesis of responsive hydrogel thin films and hybrid films with entrapped nanoparticles and reagents by the chemical crosslinking of reactive polymers, layer-by-layer deposition, and block-copolymer self-assembly.
Journal ArticleDOI
Synthesis of superporous hydrogels: Hydrogels with fast swelling and superabsorbent properties
Jun Chen,Haesun Park,Kinam Park +2 more
TL;DR: The superporous hydrogels can be used where fast swelling and superabsorbent properties are critical and the equilibrium swelling time could be reduced to less than a minute with the use of a wetting agent.
Journal ArticleDOI
Viscoelastic phase separation
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors review the experiments, theories and numerical simulations for viscoelastic phase separation, focusing on the differences from those of usual phase separation and highlight the significance of visco-elastic phases in pattern formation in Nature and its engineering applications.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
Statistical-Mechanical Theory of Irreversible Processes : I. General Theory and Simple Applications to Magnetic and Conduction Problems
TL;DR: In this paper, a general type of fluctuation-dissipation theorem is discussed to show that the physical quantities such as complex susceptibility of magnetic or electric polarization and complex conductivity for electric conduction are rigorously expressed in terms of timefluctuation of dynamical variables associated with such irreversible processes.
Journal ArticleDOI
Spectrum of light scattered from a viscoelastic gel
TL;DR: In this paper, the spectrum of light scattered from thermally excited displacement fluctuations in polyacrylamide gels was measured using optical mixing spectroscopy, and the correlation function for the displacements having wave vector q is predicted for these gels to have the form of an exponential decay: exp(− Γt).
Journal ArticleDOI
An Introduction to the Theory of Elasticity
P. G. Appleby,R. J. Atkin,N. Fox +2 more