Large contribution of supercooled liquid clouds to the solar radiation budget of the Southern Ocean
Alejandro Bodas-Salcedo,Peter Hill,Kalli Furtado,Keith D. Williams,Paul R. Field,James Manners,Patrick Hyder,Seiji Kato +7 more
TLDR
In this paper, a combination of satellite observational data and detailed radiative transfer calculations is used to quantify the impact of cloud phase and cloud vertical structure on the reflected solar radiation in the Southern Hemisphere summer.Abstract:
The Southern Ocean is a critical region for global climate, yet large cloud and solar radiation biases over the Southern Ocean are a long-standing problem in climate models and are poorly understood, leading to biases in simulated sea surface temperatures. This study shows that supercooled liquid clouds are central to understanding and simulating the Southern Ocean environment. A combination of satellite observational data and detailed radiative transfer calculations is used to quantify the impact of cloud phase and cloud vertical structure on the reflected solar radiation in the Southern Hemisphere summer. It is found that clouds with supercooled liquid tops dominate the population of liquid clouds. The observations show that clouds with supercooled liquid tops contribute between 27% and 38% to the total reflected solar radiation between 40° and 70°S, and climate models are found to poorly simulate these clouds. The results quantify the importance of supercooled liquid clouds in the Southern Ocean environment and highlight the need to improve understanding of the physical processes that control these clouds in order to improve their simulation in numerical models. This is not only important for improving the simulation of present-day climate and climate variability, but also relevant for increasing confidence in climate feedback processes and future climate projections.read more
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
Global Climate Impacts of Fixing the Southern Ocean Shortwave Radiation Bias in the Community Earth System Model (CESM)
Jennifer E. Kay,Casey J. Wall,Vineel Yettella,Brian Medeiros,Cecile Hannay,Peter M. Caldwell,Cecilia M. Bitz +6 more
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors investigated both the underlying mechanisms for and climate impacts of the Southern Ocean ASR bias within the Community Earth System Model, version 1, with the Community Atmosphere Model version 5 [CESM1(CAM5)].
Journal ArticleDOI
The Cloud Feedback Model Intercomparison Project (CFMIP) contribution to CMIP6.
Mark J. Webb,Timothy Andrews,Alejandro Bodas-Salcedo,Sandrine Bony,Christopher S. Bretherton,Robin Chadwick,Hélène Chepfer,Hervé Douville,Peter Good,Jennifer E. Kay,Stephen A. Klein,Roger Marchand,Brian Medeiros,A. Pier Siebesma,Christopher B. Skinner,Bjorn Stevens,George Tselioudis,Yoko Tsushima,Masahiro Watanabe +18 more
TL;DR: In this paper, a set of Tier 1 experiments is proposed for CMIP6 to address this question: (1) what are the physical mechanisms underlying the range of cloud feedbacks and cloud adjustments predicted by climate models, and which models have the most credible cloud feedback processes and cloud processes in climate models?
Journal ArticleDOI
Mixed-Phase Clouds: Progress and Challenges
Alexei Korolev,Greg M. McFarquhar,Paul R. Field,Paul R. Field,Charmaine Franklin,Paul Lawson,Zhien Wang,Earle Williams,Steven J. Abel,Duncan Axisa,Stephan Borrmann,Jonathan Crosier,Jacob P. Fugal,Martina Krämer,Ulrike Lohmann,Oliver Schlenczek,Martin Schnaiter,Manfred Wendisch +17 more
TL;DR: The current status of knowledge on mixed-phase clouds, obtained from theoretical studies and observations, is reviewed in this article, along with recent progress, along with a review of the recent progress.
Journal ArticleDOI
CloudSat and CALIPSO within the A-Train: Ten Years of Actively Observing the Earth System
Graeme L. Stephens,David M. Winker,Jacques Pelon,Charles R. Trepte,Deborah G. Vane,Cheryl Yuhas,Tristan L'Ecuyer,Matthew Lebsock +7 more
TL;DR: The A-Train satellite constellation as mentioned in this paper is a 10-year demonstration of coordinated formation flying that made it possible to develop integrated products and that offered new insights into key atmospheric processes.
Journal ArticleDOI
Strong control of Southern Ocean cloud reflectivity by ice-nucleating particles.
Jesus Vergara-Temprado,Annette K. Miltenberger,Kalli Furtado,Daniel P. Grosvenor,Daniel P. Grosvenor,Ben Shipway,Adrian Hill,Jonathan M. Wilkinson,Paul R. Field,Paul R. Field,Benjamin J. Murray,Kenneth S. Carslaw +11 more
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors combine cloud-resolving model simulations with estimates of the concentration of ice-nucleating particles in this region to show that simulated Southern Ocean clouds reflect far more radiation than predicted by global models, in agreement with satellite observations.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
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Journal ArticleDOI
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