Journal ArticleDOI
Large offspring syndrome in cattle and sheep.
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TLDR
Four different situations have been identified that result in the large offspring syndrome: in vitro embryo culture, asynchronous embryo transfer into an advanced uterine environment, nuclear transfer and maternal exposure to excessively high urea diets.Abstract:
Bovine and ovine embryos exposed to a variety of unusual environments prior to the blastocyst stage have resulted in the development of unusually large offspring which can also exhibit a number of organ defects. In these animals, the increased incidence of difficult parturition and of fetal and neonatal losses has limited the large-scale use of in vitro embryo production technologies commonly used in humans and other species. Four different situations have been identified that result in the syndrome: in vitro embryo culture, asynchronous embryo transfer into an advanced uterine environment, nuclear transfer and maternal exposure to excessively high urea diets. However, programming of the syndrome by all of these situations is unpredictable and not all of the symptoms described have been observed universally. Neither the environmental factors inducing the large offspring syndrome nor the mechanisms of perturbation occurring in the early embryo and manifesting themselves in the fetus have been identified.read more
Citations
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DissertationDOI
Production of transgenic goats by somatic cell nuclear transfer
TL;DR: In this paper , a series of experiments were conducted to produce transgenic goats by somatic cell nuclear transfer (NT), where donor cells were electrically fused to enucleated metaphase II oocytes, then chemically activated.
Book ChapterDOI
Evidence For and Against Associations between ART and Congenital Malformation Syndromes
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Journal ArticleDOI
Why clone flies? Using cloned Drosophila to monitor epigenetic defects.
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Book ChapterDOI
Epigenetic Bearing on Fertility in Farm Animals
TL;DR: In this paper , a comprehensive understanding of mechanisms of epigenetic modifications in germ cells and attempts to correlate the implications of DNA methylation during epigenetic reprogramming, epigenetic potential of the nuclear proteome, and abnormal protamine expression with the fertility in farm animals.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
Differential Display of Eukaryotic Messenger RNA by Means of the Polymerase Chain Reaction
Peng Liang,Arthur B. Pardee +1 more
TL;DR: A method to separate and clone individual messenger RNAs (mRNAs) by means of the polymerase chain reaction using a set of oligonucleotide primers, one being anchored to the polyadenylate tail of a subset of mRNAs, the other being short and arbitrary in sequence so that it anneals at different positions relative to the first primer.
Journal ArticleDOI
Enhanced rates of cleavage and development for sheep zygotes cultured to the blastocyst stage in vitro in the absence of serum and somatic cells: amino acids, vitamins, and culturing embryos in groups stimulate development.
TL;DR: Investigation of sheep zygote development of amino acids, ammonium, vitamins, and culture of embryos in groups in Synthetic Oviduct Fluid medium supplemented with BSA found indirect evidence that ruminant embryos utilize amino acids to a greater extent than do rodent embryos.
Journal ArticleDOI
Lamb birth weight is affected by culture system utilized during in vitro pre-elongation development of ovine embryos.
TL;DR: The data suggest that different culture conditions can produce embryos with differing morphology, apparent chemical composition, and rate of development, resulting in lambs with differing gestation length and birth weight.
Journal ArticleDOI
DNA methylation and imprinting: why bother?
TL;DR: It is proposed that DNA methylation is only important for the somatic lineages, but has no role in embryonic lineages including the germ line, suggesting imprinting having no intrinsic role in mammalian development.
Journal ArticleDOI
The production of unusually large offspring following embryo manipulation: Concepts and challenges
TL;DR: The production of large offspring after embryo manipulation casts new perspectives on the roles of reproductive technology in both livestock and human reproduction and an understanding of the underlying cellular mechanisms should lead to improved procedures for the handling and manipulation of embryos.