Journal ArticleDOI
Large offspring syndrome in cattle and sheep.
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TLDR
Four different situations have been identified that result in the large offspring syndrome: in vitro embryo culture, asynchronous embryo transfer into an advanced uterine environment, nuclear transfer and maternal exposure to excessively high urea diets.Abstract:
Bovine and ovine embryos exposed to a variety of unusual environments prior to the blastocyst stage have resulted in the development of unusually large offspring which can also exhibit a number of organ defects. In these animals, the increased incidence of difficult parturition and of fetal and neonatal losses has limited the large-scale use of in vitro embryo production technologies commonly used in humans and other species. Four different situations have been identified that result in the syndrome: in vitro embryo culture, asynchronous embryo transfer into an advanced uterine environment, nuclear transfer and maternal exposure to excessively high urea diets. However, programming of the syndrome by all of these situations is unpredictable and not all of the symptoms described have been observed universally. Neither the environmental factors inducing the large offspring syndrome nor the mechanisms of perturbation occurring in the early embryo and manifesting themselves in the fetus have been identified.read more
Citations
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Methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase C677T and A1298C variants do not affect ongoing pregnancy rates following IVF.
A.T. Dobson,R.M. Davis,Mitchell P. Rosen,Shehua Shen,Paolo Rinaudo,J. Chan,Marcelle I. Cedars +6 more
TL;DR: The common polymorphisms in MTHFR are not associated with embryo quality, as defined by cell number or fragmentation score, or with short-term pregnancy outcomes, in the population in which women receive adequate folic acid, MTH FR genotypes are not informative in explaining IVF failure.
Journal ArticleDOI
Genomic imprinting in farm animals.
TL;DR: Although this review focuses on new developments in farm animals, most of the imprinting mechanism information was derived from the mouse, which was the first species in which genomic imprinting was studied.
Journal ArticleDOI
Acid ceramidase improves the quality of oocytes and embryos and the outcome of in vitro fertilization
Efrat Eliyahu,Nataly Shtraizent,Kurt Martinuzzi,Jason Barritt,Xingxuan He,Hong Wei,Sanjeev Chaubal,Alan B. Copperman,Edward H. Schuchman +8 more
TL;DR: Overall, these data identify AC as an important component of the in vivo oocyte and embryo environment, and provide a novel technology for enhancing the outcome of assisted fertilization.
Journal ArticleDOI
The periconceptional environment and cardiovascular disease: does in vitro embryo culture and transfer influence cardiovascular development and health?
Monalisa Padhee,Song Zhang,Shervi Lie,Kimberley C. W. Wang,Kimberley J. Botting,I. Caroline McMillen,Severence M. MacLaughlin,Janna L. Morrison +7 more
TL;DR: This review will highlight the emerging evidence implicating adverse cardiovascular outcomes before and after birth in offspring conceived through ARTs in both human and animal studies and identify the potential underlying causes and molecular mechanisms responsible for the congenital and adult cardiovascular dysfunctions in offspring whom were conceivedthrough ARTs.
References
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Differential Display of Eukaryotic Messenger RNA by Means of the Polymerase Chain Reaction
Peng Liang,Arthur B. Pardee +1 more
TL;DR: A method to separate and clone individual messenger RNAs (mRNAs) by means of the polymerase chain reaction using a set of oligonucleotide primers, one being anchored to the polyadenylate tail of a subset of mRNAs, the other being short and arbitrary in sequence so that it anneals at different positions relative to the first primer.
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Enhanced rates of cleavage and development for sheep zygotes cultured to the blastocyst stage in vitro in the absence of serum and somatic cells: amino acids, vitamins, and culturing embryos in groups stimulate development.
TL;DR: Investigation of sheep zygote development of amino acids, ammonium, vitamins, and culture of embryos in groups in Synthetic Oviduct Fluid medium supplemented with BSA found indirect evidence that ruminant embryos utilize amino acids to a greater extent than do rodent embryos.
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Lamb birth weight is affected by culture system utilized during in vitro pre-elongation development of ovine embryos.
TL;DR: The data suggest that different culture conditions can produce embryos with differing morphology, apparent chemical composition, and rate of development, resulting in lambs with differing gestation length and birth weight.
Journal ArticleDOI
DNA methylation and imprinting: why bother?
TL;DR: It is proposed that DNA methylation is only important for the somatic lineages, but has no role in embryonic lineages including the germ line, suggesting imprinting having no intrinsic role in mammalian development.
Journal ArticleDOI
The production of unusually large offspring following embryo manipulation: Concepts and challenges
TL;DR: The production of large offspring after embryo manipulation casts new perspectives on the roles of reproductive technology in both livestock and human reproduction and an understanding of the underlying cellular mechanisms should lead to improved procedures for the handling and manipulation of embryos.