Journal ArticleDOI
Lassa fever, a new virus disease of man from West Africa. III. Isolation and characterization of the virus.
Sonja M. Buckley,Jordi Casals +1 more
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TLDR
When newborn and adult mice were inoculated intracerebrally with Lassa virus, complement-fixing and neutralizing antibodies were detected in their serum; in addition, adult mice showed signs closely resembling those seen in adult mice inoculated with lymphocytic choriomeningitis (LCM) virus.Abstract:
Fourteen isolates of Lassa virus were recovered in Vero cell cultures from material—serum, pleural fluid, urine, and throat washings—of four cases of Lassa fever. Viremia of 1 to 2 weeks' duration, with TCD50 titers ranging from 2 to 4.5 dex per ml, was observed. The agent did not infect the Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus continuous cell lines. When newborn and adult mice were inoculated intracerebrally with Lassa virus, complement-fixing and neutralizing antibodies were detected in their serum; in addition, adult mice showed signs closely resembling those seen in adult mice inoculated with lymphocytic choriomeningitis (LCM) virus. Lassa virus was isolated from urine of infected mice as late as 83 days after inoculation. Multiplication of Lassa virus in Vero cell cultures was not inhibited by the incorporation of 5-bromodeoxyuridine in the medium; hence the virus probably contains ribonucleic acid. The finding that the agent is susceptible to the action of sodium deoxycholate suggests the presence of a lipid-containing envelope. Electronmicroscopy studies reveal a spherical shape. Filtration studies indicate a diameter of the virus between 70 and 150 mµ. The 14 isolates, insofar as studied, are indistinguishable from one another. In extensive serologic studies, Lassa virus has been compared with and found distinct from numerous arboviruses and other viruses. By complement-fixation test, it cross-reacts to a low degree with LCM virus, and possibly also with some members of the Tacaribe group.read more
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Journal ArticleDOI
Hemorrhagic Fever Viruses as Biological Weapons: Medical and Public Health Management
Luciana Borio,Thomas V. Inglesby,Clarence J. Peters,Alan L. Schmaljohn,James M. Hughes,Peter B. Jahrling,Thomas G. Ksiazek,Karl M. Johnson,Andrea Meyerhoff,Tara O'Toole,Michael S. Ascher,John G. Bartlett,Joel G. Breman,Edward M. Eitzen,Margaret Hamburg,Jerry Hauer,Donald A. Henderson,Richard T. Johnson,Gigi Kwik,Marci Layton,Scott R. Lillibridge,Gary J. Nabel,Michael T. Osterholm,Trish M. Perl,Philip K. Russell,Kevin Tonat +25 more
TL;DR: Weapons disseminating a number of HFVs could cause an outbreak of an undifferentiated febrile illness 2 to 21 days later, associated with clinical manifestations that could include rash, hemorrhagic diathesis, and shock.
Book ChapterDOI
The virology and immunobiology of lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus infection.
TL;DR: This chapter presents in molecular terms the explanation for immunologic events accompanying lymphocytic choriomeningitis (LCM) infection, including the dual recognition of viral and histocompatibility antigens essential for T cell action and the modulation of viral expression result from the immune response.
Journal ArticleDOI
Genetic Detection and Characterization of Lujo Virus, a New Hemorrhagic Fever–Associated Arenavirus from Southern Africa
Thomas Briese,Janusz T. Paweska,Laura K. McMullan,Stephen K. Hutchison,Craig Street,Gustavo Palacios,Marina L. Khristova,Jacqueline Weyer,R. Swanepoel,Michael Egholm,Stuart T. Nichol,W. Ian Lipkin +11 more
TL;DR: Full genome analyses of LUJV showed it to be unique and branching off the ancestral node of the Old World arenaviruses, consistent with a potential distinctive receptor tropism.
Journal ArticleDOI
Genetic Diversity among Lassa Virus Strains
Michael D. Bowen,Pierre E. Rollin,Thomas G. Ksiazek,Heather L. Hustad,Daniel G. Bausch,Austin Demby,Mary D. Bajani,Clarence J. Peters,Stuart T. Nichol +8 more
TL;DR: The phylogenetic analyses of full-length NP, GP1, and GP2 gene sequences suggested that Nigerian strains of Lassa virus were ancestral to strains from Guinea, Liberia, and Sierra Leone, suggesting that LassA and the other Old World arenaviruses have either undergone a shorter period of diverisification or are evolving at a slower rate.
Journal ArticleDOI
Lassa Virus Isolation from Mastomys natalensis Rodents during an Epidemic in Sierra Leone
TL;DR: The data presented provide the first demonstration of an extra-human cycle of Lassa virus transmission and suggest that rodent control may be an effective method of limiting the disease.