Maternal Diabetes and Fetal Programming Toward Neurological Diseases: Beyond Neural Tube Defects
Berenice Márquez-Valadez,Rocío Valle-Bautista,Guadalupe García-López,Néstor F. Díaz,Anayansi Molina-Hernández +4 more
TLDR
The state of the art on this topic is explored to help establish the way forward in the study of fetal programming under hyperglycemia and its impact on neurological and psychiatric disorders.Abstract:
The purpose of this review was to search for experimental or clinical evidence on the effect of hyperglycemia in fetal programming to neurological diseases, excluding evident neural tube defects. The lack of timely diagnosis and the inadequate control of diabetes during pregnancy have been related with postnatal obesity, low intellectual and verbal coefficients, language and motor deficits, attention deficit with hyperactivity, problems in psychosocial development, and an increased predisposition to autism and schizophrenia. It has been proposed that several childhood or adulthood diseases have their origin during fetal development through a phenomenon called fetal programming. However, not all the relationships between the outcomes mentioned above and diabetes during gestation are clear, well-studied, or have been related to fetal programming. To understand this relationship, it is imperative to understand how developmental processes take place in health, in order to understand how the functional cytoarchitecture of the central nervous system takes place; to identify changes prompted by hyperglycemia, and to correlate them with the above postnatal impaired functions. Although changes in the establishment of patterns during central nervous system fetal development are related to a wide variety of neurological pathologies, the mechanism by which several maternal conditions promote fetal alterations that contribute to impaired neural development with postnatal consequences are not clear. Animal models have been extremely useful in studying the effect of maternal pathologies on embryo and fetal development, since obtaining central nervous system tissue in humans with normal appearance during fetal development is an important limitation. This review explores the state of the art on this topic, to help establish the way forward in the study of fetal programming under hyperglycemia and its impact on neurological and psychiatric disorders.read more
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Standards of Medical Care in Diabetes
TL;DR: These standards of care are intended to provide clinicians, patients, researchers, payors, and other interested individuals with the components of diabetes care, treatment goals, and tools to evaluate the quality of care.
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Genome-Wide DNA Methylation in Peripheral Blood and Long-Term Exposure to Source-Specific Transportation Noise and Air Pollution: The SAPALDIA Study.
Ikenna C. Eze,Ikenna C. Eze,Ayoung Jeong,Ayoung Jeong,Emmanuel Schaffner,Emmanuel Schaffner,Faisal I. Rezwan,Faisal I. Rezwan,Akram Ghantous,Maria Foraster,Danielle Vienneau,Danielle Vienneau,Florian Kronenberg,Zdenko Herceg,Paolo Vineis,Mark Brink,Jean Marc Wunderli,Christian Schindler,Christian Schindler,Christian Cajochen,Martin Röösli,Martin Röösli,John W. Holloway,Medea Imboden,Medea Imboden,Nicole Probst-Hensch,Nicole Probst-Hensch +26 more
TL;DR: Mutually independent DNA methylation was associated with source-specific transportation noise and air pollution exposures, with distinct and shared enrichments for pathways related to inflammation, cellular development, and immune responses.
Journal Article
Global Gene Expression Analysis of Cranial Neural Tubes in Embryos of Diabetic Mice
Boran Jiang,S Dinesh Kumar,Wan Ting Loh,Jayapal Manikandan,Eng-Ang Ling,Samuel Sam Wah Tay,S. Thameem Dheen +6 more
TL;DR: Altered expression of a variety of genes involved in brain development is associated with cranial neural tube dysmorphogenesis that may subsequently contribute to intellectual impairment of the offspring of a diabetic mother.
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Pregestational diabetes in pregnancy: Complications, management, surveillance, and mechanisms of disease—A review
TL;DR: There is an increasing understanding of the mechanisms by which congenital anomalies and disorders of fetal growth occur, involving epigenetic modifications, changes in gene expression in critical developmental pathways, and oxidative stress, which may lead to pathways for improved care for these high risk pregnancies.
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Stem cell fate determination through protein O-GlcNAcylation.
TL;DR: Evidence demonstrating how stem cells couple metabolic inputs to gene regulatory pathways through O-GlcNAc-mediated epigenetic/transcriptional regulatory mechanisms to govern self-renewal and lineage-specific differentiation programs is reviewed.
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