Journal ArticleDOI
Microstructural analysis and mechanical behavior of SS 304 and titanium joint from friction stir butt welding
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In this paper, the microstructural evolution at the interface of titanium and stainless steel, upon friction stir butt welding, was analyzed by performing EBSD and EDS scans, and the welded joints and as-received titanium & stainless steel samples were subjected to tensile testing.Abstract:
Titanium and stainless steel components are assembled together in many industrial applications. This makes it desirable to join the titanium and stainless steel. The objective of this work is to analyze the microstructural evolution at the interface of titanium and stainless steel, upon friction stir butt welding. Fully consolidated friction stir butt welds are created at two tool rotation speeds for a given feed rate. The microstructure across the titanium and stainless steel interface is studied by performing EBSD and EDS scans. The welded joints and as-received titanium & stainless steel samples are subjected to tensile testing. Increase in temperature during the process led to the diffusion of iron, chromium and nickel from stainless steel into titanium and diffusion of titanium into stainless steel. This led to an interface with primarily β -titanium with α -Ti precipitates and FeTi intermetallic compound on either side of the interface. For the welds performed at both the tool rotation speeds, the thickness of the FeTi and β -titanium decreases from top to bottom in the joints. This is attributed to the higher temperatures near the top surface as compared to the weld bottom, during the process. Also, lower tool rpm leads to lower temperatures during friction stir welding. This results in reduced FeTi thickness in the joint, which translates into improved UTS of about 88% of the as-received CP-Ti for the weld performed at lower rpm. However, the fracture strain for both the welds are very low, owing to the presence of brittle FeTi intermetallics at the SS-Ti interface.read more
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Journal ArticleDOI
Friction stir welding/processing of metals and alloys: A comprehensive review on microstructural evolution
Akbar Heidarzadeh,Sergey Mironov,Rustam Kaibyshev,Gürel Çam,Aude Simar,Adrian P. Gerlich,Farzad Khodabakhshi,Amir Mostafaei,David P. Field,Joseph D. Robson,Alexis Deschamps,Philip J. Withers +11 more
TL;DR: In this article, a comprehensive understanding of the fundamentals of the microstructural evolution during FSW/P has been developed, including the mechanisms underlying the development of grain structures and textures, phases, phase transformations and precipitation.
Journal ArticleDOI
Determination of best tool geometry for friction stir welding of AA 6061-T6 using hybrid PCA-TOPSIS optimization method
TL;DR: In this article, three different tool pin geometries were studied for friction stir welding (FSW) of AA 6061-T6 to identify the best tool geometry in terms of the final weld properties.
Journal ArticleDOI
Experimental and Numerical Investigations on the Interface Characteristics of Laser Impact-Welded Ti/Brass Joints
TL;DR: In this article, three laser energies were used, and the interface characteristics of Ti/brass joints were systematically investigated through experiments and smoothed particle hydrodynamics (SPH) simulation.
Journal ArticleDOI
Modeling of titanium alloys plastic flow in linear friction welding
TL;DR: In this article, a coupled thermomechanical 3D model of the LFW process for joining structural elements from alpha and alpha + beta titanium alloys was proposed, where the formation of a welded joint occurs in a complex and unsteady stress-strain state.
Journal ArticleDOI
Preparation of high-strength TC4/304 dissimilar joint with TA2/304 composite interlayer by a dual-pass laser
TL;DR: In this paper , a composite joint based on two different joining mechanisms was proposed to avoid the formation of brittle intermetallic compounds (IMCs) to produce high strength joints, where the unmelted composite interlayer was beneficial to relieve and accommodate thermal stress.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
Friction stir welding of dissimilar Al 6013-T4 To X5CrNi18-10 stainless steel
TL;DR: In this article, the joining of dissimilar Al 6013-T4 alloy and X5CrNi18-10 stainless steel was carried out using friction stir welding (FSR) technique.
Journal ArticleDOI
Intercalation vortices and related microstructural features in the friction-stir welding of dissimilar metals
TL;DR: The vortex-like structures are composed of dynamically recrystallized, fine-grained intercalation microstructures which have been observed by optical metallography, scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopes as discussed by the authors.
Journal ArticleDOI
Strains and strain rates during friction stir welding
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors reported the computed strains and strain rates during friction stir welding (FSW) of AA2524 from a three-dimensional coupled viscoplastic flow and heat transfer model.
Journal ArticleDOI
Solid state diffusion bonding of titanium to steel using a copper base alloy as interlayer
A. Elrefaey,Wolfgang Tillmann +1 more
TL;DR: In this paper, a copper-based interlayer was added to the diffusion bonding process to prevent atom diffusion and migration between Fe and Fe or C. This technique provided a reliable method of bonding titanium to steel.
Journal ArticleDOI
Microstructures and mechanical property of laser butt welding of titanium alloy to stainless steel
TL;DR: In this paper, the effect of laser-beam offsetting on microstructural characteristics and fracture behavior of the joint was investigated and it was found that when the laser beam is offset toward the stainless steel side, it results in a more durable joint.
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