Molecular basis of thyroid hormone-dependent brain development.
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TLDR
The role of maternal thyroid hormone in fetal brain development and regulation of gene expression by T3 through indirect molecular pathways is investigated.Abstract:
I. Introduction II. Developmental Schedules A. Species specificity B. Developmental studies in the rat III. Thyroid Hormone Action A. Sources of T4 and T3 B. The role of maternal thyroid hormone in fetal brain development: direct or indirect? C. Intracerebral transport IV. Molecular Actions of Thyroid Hormone in the Developing Brain A. Nuclear receptors for thyroid hormone in brain B. Thyroid hormone receptor isoforms and their tissue distribution C. Interactions of ligand, receptor, and DNA D. Ontogeny of thyroid hormone receptor isoforms in brain E. Search for T3-responsive genes in the neonatal rat brain F. Regulation of gene expression by T3 through indirect molecular pathways? G. Extranuclear actions of T4? V. Theories and Speculations VI. Conclusionsread more
Citations
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Physiological and molecular basis of thyroid hormone action.
TL;DR: This review presents the major advances in knowledge of the molecular mechanisms of TH action and their implications for TH action in specific tissues, resistance to thyroid hormone syndrome, and genetically engineered mouse models.
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Neuronal Subtype-Specific Genes that Control Corticospinal Motor Neuron Development In Vivo
TL;DR: Loss-of-function experiments in null mutant mice for Ctip2 (also known as Bcl11b), one of the newly characterized genes, demonstrate that it plays a critical role in the development of CSMN axonal projections to the spinal cord in vivo, confirming that the central genetic determinants of the CSMN population are identified.
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Mechanisms of thyroid hormone action
TL;DR: The mechanism of thyroid hormone action and the role of local ligand availability; tissue and cell-specific thyroid hormone transporters, corepressors, and coactivators; thyroid hormone receptor (TR) isoform-specific action; and cross-talk in metabolic regulation and neural development are influenced.
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Cellular and Molecular Basis of Deiodinase-Regulated Thyroid Hormone Signaling
Balázs Gereben,Ann Marie Zavacki,Scott Ribich,Brian W. Kim,Stephen A. Huang,Warner S. Simonides,Anikó Zeöld,Antonio C. Bianco,Antonio C. Bianco +8 more
TL;DR: It seems clear that deiodinases play a much broader role than once thought, with great ramifications for the control of thyroid hormone signaling during vertebrate development and metamorphosis, as well as injury response, tissue repair, hypothalamic function, and energy homeostasis in adults.
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Thyroid hormones in growth and development of fish
Deborah M. Power,Lynda Llewellyn,M. Faustino,Mari Ann Nowell,Björn Thrandur Björnsson,Ingibjörg Eir Einarsdottir,Adelino V.M. Canario,Glen E. Sweeney +7 more
TL;DR: The thyroid hormone receptors (TR) have been isolated from several teleosts and in common with tetrapods two receptor isoforms have been identified, TR alpha and TR beta, and both the receptors are expressed in early embryos and larvae of the Japanese flounder, zebrafish and seabream although a different temporal pattern is apparent.
References
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Cell Migration: A Physically Integrated Molecular Process
TL;DR: The authors are grateful for financial support from the National Institutes of Health (grants GM23244 and GM53905), and to very helpful comments on the manuscript from Elliot Elson, Vlodya Gelfand, Paul Matsudaira, Julie Theriot, and Sally Zigmond.
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TL;DR: A receptor-interacting factor, SMRT, is identified as a silencing mediator (co-repressor) for retinoid and thyroid-hormone receptors and a new class of cofactors which may be important mediators of hormone action are identified.
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TL;DR: This work acknowledges key intellectual contributions from Jody Rosenblatt and Julie Theriot (protrusion, Listeria motility) and attempted to fairly represent different laboratories, systems, and opinions.
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Thyroid hormone receptors : multiple forms, multiple possibilities
TL;DR: The specificity of thenuclear T3 receptors for thyroid hormone analogs closely parallels the biological potency of the compounds, and the levels of the nuclear TRs correlate well with the developmental and tissue-specific effects of T3 in most cases.
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