Multi-virulence-locus sequence typing of Listeria monocytogenes.
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TLDR
MVLST may improve the discriminatory power of MLST and provide a convenient tool for studying the local epidemiology of L. monocytogenes.Abstract:
A multi-virulence-locus sequence typing (MVLST) scheme was developed for subtyping Listeria monocytogenes, and the results obtained using this scheme were compared to those of pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) and the published results of other typing methods, including ribotyping (RT) and multilocus sequence typing (MLST). A set of 28 strains (eight different serotypes and three known genetic lineages) of L. monocytogenes was selected from a strain collection (n > 1,000 strains) to represent the genetic diversity of this species. Internal fragments (ca. 418 to 469 bp) of three virulence genes (prfA, inlB, and inlC) and three virulence-associated genes (dal, lisR, and clpP) were sequenced and analyzed. Multiple DNA sequence alignment identified 10 (prfA), 19 (inlB), 13 (dal), 10 (lisR), 17 (inlC), and 16 (clpP) allelic types and a total of 28 unique sequence types. Comparison of MVLST with automated EcoRI-RT and PFGE with ApaI enzymatic digestion showed that MVLST was able to differentiate strains that were indistinguishable by RT (13 ribotypes; discrimination index = 0.921) or PFGE (22 profiles; discrimination index = 0.970). Comparison of MVLST with housekeeping-gene-based MLST analysis showed that MVLST provided higher discriminatory power for serotype 1/2a and 4b strains than MLST. Cluster analysis based on the intragenic sequences of the selected virulence genes indicated a strain phylogeny closely related to serotypes and genetic lineages. In conclusion, MVLST may improve the discriminatory power of MLST and provide a convenient tool for studying the local epidemiology of L. monocytogenes.read more
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Listeria monocytogenes lineages: Genomics, evolution, ecology, and phenotypic characteristics
TL;DR: Overall evidence suggests that the 4 L. monocytogenes lineages identified so far represent distinct ecologic, genetic, and phenotypic characteristics, which appear to affect their ability to be transmitted through foods and to cause human disease.
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TL;DR: Current and new molecular typing methods for outbreak detection and epidemiological surveillance of bacterial pathogens in clinical practice are reviewed to give an overview of their specific advantages and disadvantages.
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Defining and Evaluating a Core Genome Multilocus Sequence Typing Scheme for Whole-Genome Sequence-Based Typing of Listeria monocytogenes
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TL;DR: A new L. monocytogenes typing scheme based on genome-wide gene-by-gene comparisons to allow for a unique typing nomenclature that improves outbreak investigations and enables interlaboratory exchange of data that are crucial, especially for rapid responses during transsectorial outbreaks.
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