Journal ArticleDOI
Nutritional Interactions in Insect-Microbial Symbioses: Aphids and Their Symbiotic Bacteria Buchnera
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TLDR
It is argued that strong parallels may exist between the nutritional interactions (including the underlying mechanisms) in the aphid-Buchnera association and other insect symbioses with intracellular microorganisms.Abstract:
Most aphids possess intracellular bacteria of the genus Buchnera. The bacteria are transmitted vertically via the aphid ovary, and the association is obligate for both partners: Bacteria-free aphids grow poorly and produce few or no offspring, and Buchnera are both unknown apart from aphids and apparently unculturable. The symbiosis has a nutritional basis. Specifically, bacterial provisioning of essential amino acids has been demonstrated. Nitrogen recycling, however, is not quantitatively important to the nutrition of aphid species studied, and there is strong evidence against bacterial involvement in the lipid and sterol nutrition of aphids. Buchnera have been implicated in various non-nutritional functions. Of these, just one has strong experimental support: promotion of aphid transmission of circulative viruses. It is argued that strong parallels may exist between the nutritional interactions (including the underlying mechanisms) in the aphid-Buchnera association and other insect symbioses with intracellular microorganisms.read more
Citations
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Effect of Antifungal Agents on Biological Fitness of Lygus hesperus (Heteroptera: Miridae)
Janet Alverson,Allen C. Cohen +1 more
TL;DR: The toxicity of five commonly used antifungal agents was tested using diet bioassays on Lygus hesperus Knight and the effect on biological fitness was measured.
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Plasmids in the aphid endosymbiont Buchnera aphidicola with the smallest genomes. A puzzling evolutionary story.
TL;DR: The analysis of three B. aphidicola strains belonging to aphids from different tribes of the subfamily Lachninae, that was estimated to harbour the bacteria with the smallest genomes, indicates the existence of many recombination events in a recA minus bacterium and that plasmids are also involved in the genome shrinkage process.
Journal ArticleDOI
Noninvasive analysis of metabolic changes following nutrient input into diverse fish species, as investigated by metabolic and microbial profiling approaches
TL;DR: The microbial diversity in various fish species collected from Japan’s coastal waters is evaluated using next-generation sequencing, followed by evaluation of the effects of feed type on co-metabolic modulations in fish-microbial symbiotic ecosystems in laboratory-scale experiments.
Journal ArticleDOI
Chromosomal stasis versus plasmid plasticity in aphid endosymbiont Buchnera aphidicola
TL;DR: It is discussed whether B. aphidicola might be driven to extinction and be replaced by secondary aphid endosymbionts, and a two-step scenario to explain these contrasting modes of evolution.
Journal ArticleDOI
Mutual fitness benefits arise during coevolution in a nematode-defensive microbe model
TL;DR: A novel species interaction between Caenorhabditis elegans hosts and a mildly parasitic bacterium, Enterococcus faecalis, with host‐protective properties against virulent Staphylococcus aureus is experimentally coevolved.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
A molecular clock in endosymbiotic bacteria is calibrated using the insect hosts
TL;DR: Rates calibrated using dates inferred from fossil aphids imply that Asian and American species of the aphid tribe Melaphidina diverged by the early Eocene; this result confirms an earlier hypothesis based on biogeographic evidence.
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The Rhizobium-plant symbiosis.
P van Rhijn,Jozef Vanderleyden +1 more
TL;DR: An overview of the organization, regulation, and function of the nod genes and their participation in the determination of the host specificity is presented.
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Genetics, Physiology, and Evolutionary Relationships of the Genus Buchnera: Intracellular Symbionts of Aphids
TL;DR: Genetic and physiological studies indicate that Buchnera can synthesize methionine, cysteine, and tryptophan and supply these amino acids to the aphid host and involve plasmid-amplification of the gene coding for anthranilate synthase, the first enzyme of the tryptophile biosynthetic pathway.
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Mycetocyte symbiosis in insects.
TL;DR: Non‐pathogenic microorganisms, known as mycetocyte symbionts, are located in specialized ‘mycetocytes’ cells of many insects that feed on nutritionally unbalanced or poor diets.