On the Properties of Non-Media Digital Watermarking: A Review of State of the Art Techniques
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TLDR
This paper reviews recent developments in the non-media applications of data watermarking, which have emerged over the last decade as an exciting new sub-domain as well as looking at the new challenges of digital water marking that have arisen with the evolution of big data.Abstract:
Over the last 25 years, there has been much work on multimedia digital watermarking. In this domain, the primary limitation to watermark strength has been in its visibility. For multimedia watermarks, invisibility is defined in human terms (that is, in terms of human sensory limitations). In this paper, we review recent developments in the non-media applications of data watermarking, which have emerged over the last decade as an exciting new sub-domain. Since by definition, the intended receiver should be able to detect the watermark, we have to redefine invisibility in an acceptable way that is often application-specific and thus cannot be easily generalized. In particular, this is true when the data is not intended to be directly consumed by humans. For example, a loose definition of robustness might be in terms of the resilience of a watermark against normal host data operations, and of invisibility as resilience of the data interpretation against change introduced by the watermark. In this paper, we classify the data in terms of data mining rules on complex types of data such as time-series, symbolic sequences, data streams, and so forth. We emphasize the challenges involved in non-media watermarking in terms of common watermarking properties, including invisibility, capacity, robustness, and security. With the aid of a few examples of watermarking applications, we demonstrate these distinctions and we look at the latest research in this regard to make our argument clear and more meaningful. As the last aim, we look at the new challenges of digital watermarking that have arisen with the evolution of big data.read more
Citations
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Digital image watermarking method based on DCT and fractal encoding
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TL;DR: The authors' develop a digital watermarking algorithm based on a fractal encoding method and the discrete cosine transform (DCT) method that has higher performance characteristics such as robustness and peak signal to noise ratio than classical methods.
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A Review of Text Watermarking: Theory, Methods, and Applications
TL;DR: This paper reviews in detail the new classification of text watermarking, which is through embedding process and its related issues of attacks and language applicability, with a focus on its information integrity, information availability, originality preservation, information confidentiality, protection of sensitive information, document transformation, cryptography application, and language flexibility.
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Machine learning based blind color image watermarking scheme for copyright protection
TL;DR: A blind and robust scheme using YCbCr color space, IWT (integer wavelet transform) and DCT (discrete cosine transform) for color image watermarking and the ANN framework provides faster embedding with approximately similar parametric results.
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Digital steganography and watermarking for digital images: a review of current research directions
TL;DR: An overview of promising research in the specified area is provided and an analysis of identified problems in the field of digital steganography and digital watermarking is concluded.
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Cloud image watermarking: high quality data hiding and blind decoding scheme based on block truncation coding
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TL;DR: This study presents a novel data hiding method based on the block truncation coding (BTC) image compression technique and proposes a block classification scheme for determining smooth blocks, complex_1 blocks, and complex_2 blocks in an image to improve the quality of images without damaging the secret data.
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