Journal ArticleDOI
Oxidative stress and antioxidants in hypertension-a current review.
Nakshi Sinha,Pradeep Kumar Dabla +1 more
TLDR
The aim of this review is to present a novel focus on the role of oxidative stress in the pathophysiology of hypertension and recent biomarkers which are found to be associated with reactive oxygen species and therole of antioxidants as therapy of hypertension.Abstract:
Free radicals or reactive oxygen species (ROS) are generated by oxygen metabolism which is balanced by the rate of oxidant formation and the rate of oxidant elimination. Oxidative stress is a result of imbalance between the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and the antioxidant defence systems. Hypertension is one of the major risk factors for cardiovascular diseases and is considered as a leading cause of mortality and morbidity. These diseases affect more than 600 million people and it has been estimated that 29% of the world population will be suffering from hypertension by 2025. It has been indicated by experimental evidence that reactive oxygen species (ROS) play an important role in the pathophysiology of hypertension. The vasculature is a rich source of NADPH oxidase which produces most of the reactive oxygen species and plays an important role in renal dysfunction and vascular damage. Recent studies indicate that increased oxidative stress is the important mediator of endothelial injury in the pathology of hypertension associated to increased production of pro oxidants such as superoxideanion hydrogen peroxide, reduced nitric oxide synthesis and decreased bioavailability of antioxidants. Oxidative stress is found to be associated with endothelial dysfunction, inflammation, hypertrophy, apoptosis, cell migration, fibrosis, and angiogenesis in relation to vascular remodelling of hypertension. Results in humans are still less conclusive inspite of data available that involve oxidative stress as a causative factor of essential hypertension. The aim of this review is to present a novel focus on the role of oxidative stress in the pathophysiology of hypertension and recent biomarkers which are found to be associated with reactive oxygen species and the role of antioxidants as therapy of hypertension.read more
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Journal ArticleDOI
Oxidative Stress in Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease. An Updated Mini Review.
Anna Pia Delli Bovi,Francesca Marciano,Francesca Marciano,Claudia Mandato,Maria Siano,Marcella Savoia,Pietro Vajro +6 more
TL;DR: In this paper, the interplay between oxidative stress (OS) and the other causal pathogenetic factors was investigated, which may partly explain why NAFLD remains still orphan of an adequate therapeutic strategy.
Journal ArticleDOI
The role of oxidative stress and hypoxia in renal disease.
TL;DR: This review examines recent evidence connecting chronic hypoxia and oxidative stress in renal disease and subsequently describes several promising therapeutic approaches against oxidative stress.
Journal ArticleDOI
Oxidative Stress-Mediated Blood-Brain Barrier (BBB) Disruption in Neurological Diseases
Ke Song,Yuanyuan Li,Hanlai Zhang,Na An,Na An,Yufei Wei,Liqin Wang,Chao Tian,Mengchen Yuan,Yikun Sun,Yanwei Xing,Yonghong Gao +11 more
TL;DR: The role of oxidative stress-mediated BBB disruption in neurological diseases, such as hemorrhagic stroke, ischemic stroke (IS), Alzheimer's disease (AD), Parkinson’s disease (PD), traumatic brain injury (TBI), amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), and cerebral small vessel disease (CSVD), is discussed.
Journal ArticleDOI
Redox signaling, Nox5 and vascular remodeling in hypertension
Augusto C. Montezano,Sofia Tsiropoulou,Maria Dulak-Lis,Adam Harvey,Livia L Camargo,Rhian M. Touyz +5 more
TL;DR: In hypertension, Nox-induced ROS production is increased, leading to perturbed redox signaling through oxidative modifications of vascular proteins, led to altered cell growth and vascular remodeling in hypertension.
Journal ArticleDOI
Oleuropein improves mitochondrial function to attenuate oxidative stress by activating the Nrf2 pathway in the hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus of spontaneously hypertensive rats.
Wenyan Sun,Xin Wang,Chen Hou,Liang Yang,Hong-Bao Li,Jing Guo,Chan-Juan Huo,Molin Wang,Yu-Wang Miao,Jiankang Liu,Yu-Ming Kang +10 more
TL;DR: It is demonstrated that OL administration can protect the PVN of the hypothalamus from oxidative stress by improving mitochondrial function through the activation of the Nrf2‐mediated signaling pathway.