Journal ArticleDOI
Oxidative stress and antioxidants in hypertension-a current review.
Nakshi Sinha,Pradeep Kumar Dabla +1 more
TLDR
The aim of this review is to present a novel focus on the role of oxidative stress in the pathophysiology of hypertension and recent biomarkers which are found to be associated with reactive oxygen species and therole of antioxidants as therapy of hypertension.Abstract:
Free radicals or reactive oxygen species (ROS) are generated by oxygen metabolism which is balanced by the rate of oxidant formation and the rate of oxidant elimination. Oxidative stress is a result of imbalance between the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and the antioxidant defence systems. Hypertension is one of the major risk factors for cardiovascular diseases and is considered as a leading cause of mortality and morbidity. These diseases affect more than 600 million people and it has been estimated that 29% of the world population will be suffering from hypertension by 2025. It has been indicated by experimental evidence that reactive oxygen species (ROS) play an important role in the pathophysiology of hypertension. The vasculature is a rich source of NADPH oxidase which produces most of the reactive oxygen species and plays an important role in renal dysfunction and vascular damage. Recent studies indicate that increased oxidative stress is the important mediator of endothelial injury in the pathology of hypertension associated to increased production of pro oxidants such as superoxideanion hydrogen peroxide, reduced nitric oxide synthesis and decreased bioavailability of antioxidants. Oxidative stress is found to be associated with endothelial dysfunction, inflammation, hypertrophy, apoptosis, cell migration, fibrosis, and angiogenesis in relation to vascular remodelling of hypertension. Results in humans are still less conclusive inspite of data available that involve oxidative stress as a causative factor of essential hypertension. The aim of this review is to present a novel focus on the role of oxidative stress in the pathophysiology of hypertension and recent biomarkers which are found to be associated with reactive oxygen species and the role of antioxidants as therapy of hypertension.read more
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Journal ArticleDOI
Oxidative Stress Suppresses Cellular Autophagy in Corneal Epithelium.
TL;DR: The oxidative stress of corneal epithelium is associated with the inhibition of cellular autophagy and application of rapamycin antagonized the cellular and oxidant injury induced by H2O2 but increased the level of autophagic in HCE cells.
Journal ArticleDOI
SIRT1 activation promotes angiogenesis in diabetic wounds by protecting endothelial cells against oxidative stress.
Xiao-Qiang Li,Gaofeng Wu,Fu Han,Kejia Wang,Xiaozhi Bai,Yanhui Jia,Zhenzhen Li,Weixia Cai,Wanfu Zhang,Linlin Su,Dahai Hu +10 more
TL;DR: Experimental evidence is provided that SIRT1 activation could improve angiogenesis in wounds in vitro and in vivo and that sirtuin1 activation accelerates wound healing in diabetic mice by promotingAngiogenesis.
Journal ArticleDOI
Efficacy and Mechanism of Panax Ginseng in Experimental Stroke
TL;DR: The literature on ginseng studies in the experimental stroke field is reviewed, particularly focusing on the in vivo evidence on the preventive or therapeutic efficacy and mechanisms of gINSeng and ginsenosides in various stroke models of mice and rats.
Journal ArticleDOI
Endothelial factors in the pathogenesis and treatment of chronic kidney disease Part I: General mechanisms: a joint consensus statement from the European Society of Hypertension Working Group on Endothelin and Endothelial Factors and The Japanese Society of Hypertension
Gian Paolo Rossi,Teresa Maria Seccia,Matthias Barton,A.H. Jan Danser,Peter W. de Leeuw,Neeraj Dhaun,Damiano Rizzoni,Patrick Rossignol,Luis M. Ruilope,Anton H. van den Meiracker,Sadayoshi Ito,Naoyuki Hasebe,David J. Webb +12 more
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors examined the mechanisms by which endothelial factors induce vascular remodeling and the role of different players, including endothelin-1, the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system and their interactions, and of oxidative stress.
Journal ArticleDOI
E3 Ubiquitin ligase NEDD4 family‑regulatory network in cardiovascular disease.
Ying Zhang,Hao Qian,Boquan Wu,Shilong You,Shaojun Wu,Saien Lu,Pingyuan Wang,Liu Cao,Naijin Zhang,Yingxian Sun +9 more
TL;DR: Recent studies about NEDD4 family members in cardiovascular disease are summarized, providing novel insights into the prevention and treatment of cardiovascular disease.