Oxytocin and Reduction of Social Threat Hypersensitivity in Women With Borderline Personality Disorder
Katja Bertsch,Matthias Gamer,Brigitte Schmidt,Ilinca Schmidinger,Stephan Walther,Thorsten Kästel,Knut Schnell,Christian Büchel,Gregor Domes,Sabine C. Herpertz +9 more
Reads0
Chats0
TLDR
Borderline patients exhibit a hypersensitivity to social threat in early, reflexive stages of information processing, and oxytocin may decrease social threat hypersensitivity and thus reduce anger and aggressive behavior in borderline personality disorder or other psychiatric disorders with enhanced threat-driven reactive aggression.Abstract:
Objective: Patients with borderline personality disorder are characterized by emotional hyperarousal with increased stress levels, anger proneness, and hostile, impulsive behaviors. They tend to ascribe anger to ambiguous facial expressions and exhibit enhanced and prolonged reactions in response to threatening social cues, associated with enhanced and prolonged amygdala responses. Because the intranasal administration of the neuropeptide oxytocin has been shown to improve facial recognition and to shift attention away from negative social information, the authors investigated whether borderline patients would benefit from oxytocin administration. Method: In a randomized placebocontrolled double-blind group design, 40 nonmedicated, adult female patients with a current DSM-IV diagnosis of borderline personality disorder (two patients were excluded based on hormonal analyses) and 41 healthy women, matched on age, education, and IQ, took part in an emotion classification task 45 minutes after intranasal administration of 26 IU of oxytocin or placebo. Dependent variables were latencies and number or initial reflexive eye movements measured by eye tracking, manual response latencies, and blood-oxygen-level-dependent responses of theamygdalato angryandfearfulcompared with happy facial expressions. Results: Borderline patients exhibited more and faster initial fixation changes to the eyes of angry faces combined with increased amygdala activation in response to angry faces compared with the control group. These abnormal behavioral and neural patterns were normalized after oxytocin administration. Conclusions: Borderline patients exhibit a hypersensitivity to social threat in early, reflexive stages of information processing. Oxytocin may decrease social threat hypersensitivity and thus reduce anger and aggressive behavior in borderline personality disorder or other psychiatric disorders with enhanced threat-driven reactive aggression. (Am J Psychiatry 2013; 170:1169–1177)read more
Citations
More filters
Journal ArticleDOI
The role of oxytocin in interpersonal communication of people with borderline personality disorder
TL;DR: The role of oxytocin in regulating interpersonal communication of patients with borderline personality disorder (BPD) was outlined in this paper . But, the conclusions of this field are not definitive to date.
Journal ArticleDOI
Viés Atencional em Faces Emocionais no Transtorno de Personalidade Borderline
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors investigated the attentional bias on emotional faces in people with BPD in the dot-probe task using eye tracking and found that there is an AB for emotional faces of anger in people having BPD at automatic processing stage.
Ocitocina, um “medicamento” ainda em potencial terapêutico para distúrbios psiquiátricos
TL;DR: Ocitocina (OT) is a promissor no auxilio dos transtornos psiquiatricos (transtorno de personalidade limitrofe, autismo, esquizofrenia, etc).
Book ChapterDOI
The Patient’s Personality, Personality Types, Traits, and Disorders in the CL Setting
Hoyle Leigh,Hoyle Leigh +1 more
TL;DR: Personality is formed by the interaction of genetic predisposition with early environment and the accumulation of experiences and learning, much of which is influenced by cultural and socioeconomic factors Genetic and experiential contributions to personality and the brain mechanisms underlying personality disorders are discussed Short of disorder, patients personality types or styles interact with the sick role and hospitalization Optimal approaches to patients' personality types are discussed as discussed by the authors.
Oksitosin ve Psikiyatrik Bozukluklar Oxytocin and Psychiatric Disorders
Gökçe Nur Say,Mahmut Müjdeci +1 more
TL;DR: The role of oxytocin in emotions, behavior and its effects in psychiatric disorders is reviewed.
References
More filters
Journal ArticleDOI
Automated Anatomical Labeling of Activations in SPM Using a Macroscopic Anatomical Parcellation of the MNI MRI Single-Subject Brain
Nathalie Tzourio-Mazoyer,B. Landeau,D. Papathanassiou,Fabrice Crivello,Octave Etard,Nicolas Delcroix,Bernard Mazoyer,Marc Joliot +7 more
TL;DR: An anatomical parcellation of the spatially normalized single-subject high-resolution T1 volume provided by the Montreal Neurological Institute was performed and it is believed that this tool is an improvement for the macroscopical labeling of activated area compared to labeling assessed using the Talairach atlas brain.
Journal ArticleDOI
Social support and oxytocin interact to suppress cortisol and subjective responses to psychosocial stress
TL;DR: Oxytocin seems to enhance the buffering effect of social support on stress responsiveness, concur with data from animal research suggesting an important role of oxytocin as an underlying biological mechanism for stress-protective effects of positive social interactions.
Book
Atlas of the Human Brain
TL;DR: This greatly enlarged new edition of Atlas of the Human Brain provides the most detailed and accurate delineations of brain structure available and includes features which assist in the new fields of neuroscience - functional imaging, resting state imaging and tractography.
Journal ArticleDOI
Oxytocin Modulates Neural Circuitry for Social Cognition and Fear in Humans
Peter Kirsch,Christine Esslinger,Qiang Chen,Daniela Mier,Stefanie Lis,Sarina Siddhanti,Harald Gruppe,Venkata S. Mattay,Bernd Gallhofer,Andreas Meyer-Lindenberg +9 more
TL;DR: It is shown that human amygdala function is strongly modulated by oxytocin, and this results indicate a neural mechanism for the effects of Oxytocin in social cognition in the human brain and provide a methodology and rationale for exploring therapeutic strategies in disorders in which abnormal amygdala function has been implicated, such as social phobia or autism.
Journal ArticleDOI
Oxytocin and vasopressin in the human brain: social neuropeptides for translational medicine
TL;DR: OXT and AVP are emerging as targets for novel treatment approaches — particularly in synergistic combination with psychotherapy — for mental disorders characterized by social dysfunction, such as autism, social anxiety disorder, borderline personality disorder and schizophrenia.