Journal ArticleDOI
Pluricarpellatia, a nymphaealean angiosperm from the Lower Cretaceous of northern Gondwana (Crato Formation, Brazil)
Barbara A. R. Mohr,Mary Elizabeth Cerruti Bernardes-de-Oliveira,David Winship Taylor,David Winship Taylor +3 more
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TLDR
The carpel morphology clearly differs from extant Cabombaceae so that Pluricarpellatia is considered to represent an extinct member of Nymphaeales, most likely branching off early in this lineage, and may thus be the most basal member of this clade described so far.Abstract:
A fossil herbaceous angiosperm, Pluricarpellatia peltata gen. et sp. nov., is described from the Lower Cretaceous Crato Formation of northeastern Brazil. The description is based on several nearly complete specimens with roots, cordate, excentrically peltate to centrally peltate leaves, and flowering structures with in situ seeds. The seeds are smooth to verrucate and have the micropyle and hilum close together and have laminar placentation. Pluricarpellatia shares several characters with extant Nymphaeales, such as a rhizomatous growth form and simple, petiolate, peltate leaves, and laminar placentation. Similarities to Cabombaceae include an apocarpous gynoecium. However, the carpel morphology clearly differs from extant Cabombaceae so that Pluricarpellatia is considered to represent an extinct member of Nymphaeales, most likely branching off early in this lineage, and may thus be the most basal member of this clade described so far. In addition to Pluricarpellatia an unnamed nymphaealean plant (Taxon A), possibly belonging to the Nymphaeaceae, is described. During the late Aptian to earliest Albian representatives of Nymphaeales may have already developed a moderate diversity.read more
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Journal ArticleDOI
Establishing a time-scale for plant evolution
TL;DR: A post-Jurassic origin of angiosperms and a post-Cambrian origin of land plants are rejected, and it is suggested that the establishment of the major embryophyte lineages occurred at a much slower tempo than suggested in most previous studies.
Journal ArticleDOI
Molecular and Fossil Evidence on the Origin of Angiosperms
TL;DR: Molecular data on relationships within angiosperms confirm the view that their increasing morphological diversity through the Cretaceous reflected their evolutionary radiation and appear to refute the hypothesis based on morphology that angiosPerms and Gnetales are closest living relatives.
Journal ArticleDOI
Constraining uncertainty in the timescale of angiosperm evolution and the veracity of a Cretaceous Terrestrial Revolution
Jose Barba-Montoya,Mario dos Reis,Harald Schneider,Harald Schneider,Philip C. J. Donoghue,Ziheng Yang +5 more
TL;DR: A Bayesian molecular dating method is used to analyse a dataset of 83 genes from 644 taxa and 52 fossil calibrations to explore the effect of different interpretations of the fossil record, molecular clock models, data partitioning, among other factors, on angiosperm divergence time estimation, and indicates that the timescale of angiosperms diversification is much less certain than previous molecular dating studies have suggested.
Journal ArticleDOI
Palaeobotanical redux: revisiting the age of the angiosperms.
TL;DR: Critical assessment of reports shows that, so far, none provide unequivocal evidence of pre-Cretaceous angiosperms, but credible palaeobotanical evidence will require unambiguous documentation of the diagnostic structural features that separate angiospheric groups of extant and extinct seed plants.
Journal ArticleDOI
Early Cretaceous angiosperm pollen from a low-latitude succession (Araripe Basin, NE Brazil).
TL;DR: The co-occurrence of moisture-loving ferns andEarly angiosperm pollen may support the hypothesis that early angiosperms evolved and diversified in moist and shady disturbed habitats near the palaeoequator.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
Fossil pollen records of extant angiosperms.
TL;DR: The fossil record for angiosperm pollen types which are comparable to recent taxa is evaluated, following a similar survey published in 1970, with special attention paid to the dating of the sediments.
Journal ArticleDOI
Early cretaceous fossil evidence for angiosperm evolution
Leo J. Hickey,James A. Doyle +1 more
TL;DR: Comparisons of dated pollen floras of other regions indicate that one major subgroup of angiosperms, tricolpate-producing dicots (i.e., excluding Magnoliidae of Takhtajan) originated in the Aptian of Africa-South America at a time of increasing aridity and migrated poleward into Laurasia and Australasia.
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Morphological Phylogenetic Analysis of Basal Angiosperms: Comparison and Combination with Molecular Data
James A. Doyle,Peter K. Endress +1 more
TL;DR: Combined analyses of morphological and molecular data generally yield the same topologies as molecular analyses, but morphology overcomes weak molecular evidence in indicating that Chloranthaceae belong just above the basal grade, that monocots are related to Piperales, and that Lauraceae are linked with Hernandiaceae.
Journal ArticleDOI
Cretaceous angiosperm flowers: Innovation and evolution in plant reproduction
TL;DR: In addition to patterns of phylogenetic diversification, the fossil record of angiosperm flowers provides insights into the timing of floral evolution in terms of the functions of the various kinds of floral organs, as well as accompanying patterns of ecological diversification.
Journal ArticleDOI
Noncoding plastid trnT-trnF sequences reveal a well resolved phylogeny of basal angiosperms
Thomas Borsch,Khidir W. Hilu,Dietmar Quandt,Volker Wilde,Christoph Neinhuis,Wilhelm Barthlott +5 more
TL;DR: A phylogeny for basal angiosperms based on noncoding, fast‐evolving sequences of the chloroplast genome region trnT‐trnF is presented, showing the New Caledonian Amborella as the sister to all other angios perms, followed by Nymphaeaceae and an Austrobaileya–Illicium–Schisandra clade.