Journal ArticleDOI
Process of recognizing tachistoscopically presented words.
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TLDR
A model for the recognition of tachistoscopically presented words is developed and it is shown that under certain simplifying assumptions this sophisticated guessing model is isomorphic with the "criterion bias" model as developed in 1967 by Broadbent.Abstract:
A model for the recognition of tachistoscopically presented words is developed. The model is a \"sophisticated guessing\" model which takes explicit account of the geometry of the characters which make up the words or letter strings. Explicit attempts are made to account for word frequency effects, effects due to letter transition probabilities, and effects due to physical similarity of character strings to one another. A word recognition experiment using the set of three-letter words is reported, and the model is used to make quantitative predictions of these results as well as to give a qualitative account for a number of results in the literature. Finally, it is shown that under certain simplifying assumptions this sophisticated guessing model is isomorphic with the \"criterion bias\" model as developed in 1967 by Broadbent. The process whereby words are recognized has long fascinated experimental psy-Several related findings have commanded the most attention. For example, more letters per unit time may be apprehended when a word is presented than when a string of unrelated letters is presented (Huey, 1908). A letter string formed by taking a word and either deleting or replacing one or two letters is often clearly perceived as that word (Pillsbury, 1897). Other things being equal, words which occur frequently in the language are more easily perceived than those which occur less frequently (Goldia-The more the statistics of letter strings approximate those of words, the better the perception of the letter strings (cf. Miller, Bruner, & Postman , 1954). The more predictable a word is within a sentence, the more easily it is Most explanations of these phenomena suggest that they all result from the fact that the subject combines internally provided information about language with externally provided information from the sensory system (cf. Morton, 1969, 1970). By this argument, words are easier to see than nonwords because we can apply our knowledge of the vocabulary of the language. Knowledge of relative frequencies of words in the language allows us to read high-frequency words more readily. Knowledge of syntactic and semantic relations allows us to read words more easily in the context of 99read more
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
An interactive activation model of context effects in letter perception: I. An account of basic findings.
Journal ArticleDOI
Forest before trees: The precedence of global features in visual perception ☆
TL;DR: The idea that global structuring of a visual scene precedes analysis of local features is suggested, discussed, and tested as discussed by the authors, and it was found that global differences were detected more often than local differences.
Journal ArticleDOI
DRC: a dual route cascaded model of visual word recognition and reading aloud.
TL;DR: The DRC model is a computational realization of the dual-route theory of reading, and is the only computational model of reading that can perform the 2 tasks most commonly used to study reading: lexical decision and reading aloud.
Journal ArticleDOI
Recognizing: The judgment of previous occurrence.
TL;DR: In this paper, a dual process model is proposed to detect familiarity and the utilization of retrieval mechanisms as additive and separate processes, and the model is extended to the word frequency effect and to the recognition difficulties of amnesic patients.
Journal ArticleDOI
Recognizing Spoken Words: The Neighborhood Activation Model
Paul A. Luce,David B. Pisoni +1 more
TL;DR: A model of auditory word recognition, the neighborhood activation model, was proposed, which describes the effects of similarity neighborhood structure on the process of discriminating among the acoustic‐phonetic representations of words in memory.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
Receptive fields, binocular interaction and functional architecture in the cat's visual cortex
David H. Hubel,Torsten N. Wiesel +1 more
TL;DR: This method is used to examine receptive fields of a more complex type and to make additional observations on binocular interaction and this approach is necessary in order to understand the behaviour of individual cells, but it fails to deal with the problem of the relationship of one cell to its neighbours.
Book
Computational analysis of present-day American English
Henry Kučera,W. Nelson Francis,W. F. Twaddell,Mary Lois Marckworth,Laura M. Bell,John Bissell Carroll +5 more
Journal ArticleDOI
Interaction of information in word recognition.
TL;DR: The model has as its central feature a set of "logogens": devices which accept information relevant to a particular word response irrespective of the source of this information when more than a threshold amount of information has accumulated in any logogen.