Proposed definition and classification of cerebral palsy, April 2005.
Martin Bax,Murray Goldstein,Peter Rosenbaum,Alan Leviton,Nigel Paneth,Bernard Dan,Bo Jacobsson,Diane L. Damiano +7 more
TLDR
A revised definition and classification of cerebral palsy is presented to meet the needs of clinicians, investigators, and health officials, and provide a common language for improved communication.Abstract:
Because of the availability of new knowledge about the neurobiology of developmental brain injury, information that epidemiology and modern brain imaging is providing, the availability of more precise measuring instruments of patient performance, and the increase in studies evaluating the efficacy of therapy for the consequences of injury, the need for reconsideration of the definition and classification of cerebral palsy (CP) has become evident. Pertinent material was reviewed at an international symposium participated in by selected leaders in the preclinical and clinical sciences. Suggestions were made about the content of a revised definition and classification of CP that would meet the needs of clinicians, investigators, and health officials, and provide a common language for improved communication. With leadership and direction from an Executive Committee, panels utilized this information and have generated a revised Definition and Classification of Cerebral Palsy. The Executive Committee presents this revision and welcomes substantive comments about it.read more
Citations
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The Manual Ability Classification System (MACS) for children with cerebral palsy: scale development and evidence of validity and reliability
Ann-Christin Eliasson,Lena Krumlinde-Sundholm,Birgit Rösblad,Eva Beckung,Marianne Arner,Ann-Marie Öhrvall,Peter Rosenbaum +6 more
TL;DR: Reliability was tested between pairs of therapists for 168 children between 4 and 18 years and between 25 parents and their children's therapists, demonstrating that MACS has good validity and reliability.
Journal ArticleDOI
A Randomized, Controlled Trial of Magnesium Sulfate for the Prevention of Cerebral Palsy
Dwight J. Rouse,Deborah Hirtz,Elizabeth Thom,Michael W. Varner,Catherine Y. Spong,Brian M. Mercer,Brian M. Mercer,Jay D. Iams,Ronald J. Wapner,Ronald J. Wapner,Yoram Sorokin,James M. Alexander,Margaret Harper,John M. Thorp,Susan M. Ramin,Fergal D. Malone,Marshall W. Carpenter,Menachem Miodovnik,Atef H. Moawad,Mary Jo O'Sullivan,Alan M. Peaceman,Gary D.V. Hankins,Oded Langer,Steve N. Caritis,James M. Roberts +24 more
TL;DR: Fetal exposure to magnesium sulfate before anticipated early preterm delivery did not reduce the combined risk of moderate or severe cerebral palsy or death, although the rate of cerebral palsies was reduced among survivors.
Journal ArticleDOI
Clinical and MRI correlates of cerebral palsy: the European Cerebral Palsy Study.
TL;DR: MRI findings suggest that obstetric mishaps might have occurred in a small proportion of children with CP, and a systematic approach to identifying and treating maternal infections needs to be developed.
Journal ArticleDOI
Neurodevelopmental Outcome in Extremely Preterm Infants at 2.5 Years After Active Perinatal Care in Sweden
Fredrik Serenius,Karin Källén,Mats Blennow,Uwe Ewald,Vineta Fellman,Gerd Holmström,Eva Lindberg,Pia Lundqvist,Karel Marsal,Mikael Norman,Elisabeth Olhager,Lennart Stigson,Karin Stjernqvist,Brigitte Vollmer,Bo Strömberg +14 more
TL;DR: Of children born extremely preterm and receiving active perinatal care, 73% had mild or no disability and neurodevelopmental outcome improved with each week of gestational age, and these results are relevant for clinicians counseling families facingextremely preterm birth.
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Patterns of cerebral injury and neurodevelopmental outcomes after symptomatic neonatal hypoglycemia.
TL;DR: Pregnancy-induced hypertension, a family history of seizures, emergency cesarean section, and the need for resuscitation were more common among case subjects than control subjects and patterns of injury associated with symptomatic neonatal hypoglycemia were more varied than described previously.
References
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Development and reliability of a system to classify gross motor function in children with cerebral palsy
Robert J. Palisano,Peter Rosenbaum,Stephen D. Walter,Dianne J Russell,Ellen Wood,Barbara Galuppi +5 more
TL;DR: A five‐level classification system analogous to the staging and grading systems used in medicine, which has application for clinical practice, research, teaching, and administration is developed.
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Surveillance of cerebral palsy in Europe: a collaboration of cerebral palsy surveys and registers
TL;DR: A network of CP surveys and registers was formed in 14 centres in eight countries across Europe to standardize the definition of CP, inclusion/exclusion criteria, classification, and description of children with CP, and a basis for services planning among European countries.
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Cerebral Palsy Epidemiology: Where are We Now and Where are We Going?
TL;DR: Over the past decade, regular international meetings devoted to the state of the art in the epidemiology of cerebral palsy have been held: in California in 1987, in Cambridge in 1989 and in Brioni, Yugoslavia, in 1990.
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Terminology and classification of cerebral palsy.
TL;DR: The group reached agreement on a definition of cerebral palsy, but ran into difficulties after this and ran into considerable difficulty when they went on to discuss the classification of various types of cerebral paresis.
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Classification and Definition of Disorders Causing Hypertonia in Childhood
TL;DR: The purpose of the workshop and this article are to define the terms "spasticity," "dystonia," and "rigidity" as they are used to describe clinical features of hypertonia in children to allow differentiation of clinical features even when more than 1 is present simultaneously.