Reconciling the incompatible: N2 fixation And O2
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TLDR
The effects of O2 on nitrogenase activity and synthesis are described, as are the mechanisms by which diazotrophs limit O2damage to nitrogenase.Abstract:
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N2 fixation is an extremely O2-sensitive process. N2-fixing bacteria (diazotrophys) have therefore evolved a variety of strategies by which they maintain an active nitrogenase in the presence of atmospheric O2 and, in some cases, of O2 generated photosynthetically. In this review, the effects of O2 on nitrogenase activity and synthesis are described, as are the mechanisms by which diazotrophs limit O2damage to nitrogenase. These mechanisms are classified as behavioural strategies, physical barriers or physiological and biochemical strategies. Individual diazotrophs frequently empoly a combination of these. In addition, the particular problems faced by the O2-evolving cyanobacteria are discussed.read more
Citations
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Climate change: links to global expansion of harmful cyanobacteria.
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TL;DR: Overall, stricter nutrient management will likely be the most feasible and practical approach to long-term CyanoHAB control in a warmer, stormier and more extreme world.
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Trichodesmium, a Globally Significant Marine Cyanobacterium
TL;DR: N2 fixation by Trichodesmium is likely a major input to the marine and global nitrogen cycle.
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Harmful cyanobacterial blooms: causes, consequences, and controls.
TL;DR: In this article, the applicability and feasibility of various controls and management approaches for natural waters and drinking water supplies are discussed, and a key underlying approach that should be considered in almost all instances is nutrient (both N and P) input reductions; which have been shown to effectively reduce cyanobacterial biomass, and therefore limit health risks and frequencies of hypoxic events.
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Dinitrogen fixation in the world's oceans
David M. Karl,Anthony F. Michaels,Birgitta Bergman,Douglas G. Capone,Edward J. Carpenter,Ricardo M. Letelier,Fredric Lipschultz,Hans W. Paerl,Daniel M. Sigman,Lucas J. Stal +9 more
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors studied the role of biogeochemical sources and rates of nitrogen fixation in the world's oceans, the major controls on rates of oceanic nitrogen fixation, and the significance of this N2 fixation for the global carbon cycle.
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Endophytic Bacteria and Their Potential Applications
Cindy Lodewyckx,Jaco Vangronsveld,Fiona Porteous,Edward R. B. Moore,Safieh Taghavi,Max Mezgeay,Daniel Van Der Lelie +6 more
TL;DR: The authors wish to acknowledge the European Commission for their support to the ENDEGRADE project (EU PROJECT: QLK3- CT2000-00164).
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